AUGUST. 228 



with j^ellow towards the base ; the under side is shining, 

 dark brown, with waved lines of deep black, a small yellow 

 spot near the middle of each wing, and two others on the 

 border. The caterpillar is gregarious, and lives on various 

 trees, such as the birch and willow : it is black, with a series 

 of spots on the back, and some of the legs red. 



LEPrDOPTERA. NtMPHALID^. 



CYNTHIA. 



Generic Distinctions. — Antennm with a short and abrupt club ; 

 'palpi long ; wings scarcely angular, the hinder pair rounded and 

 simply scalloped, without any projection. 



Cynthia cardui. (Plate YIII.) Painted Lachj. Upper 

 wings tawny-brown at the base, ochre-red in the middle, with 

 a very irregular patch of black; a large portion of the apex 

 is also black, adorned with five white spots, of which the 

 inner one is the largest and placed obliquely ; near the mar- 

 gin is a series of white crescents and a row of faint yellow 

 spots ; the secondary wings are the same colour, with three 

 rows of black spots behind, the first being composed of five 

 round spots, the second of crescents, and the tliird of large 



