164 Notes on the Geology of the 



Brandy Creek, with, I should imagine, but very slight pros- 

 pect of obtaining anything, except perhaps coal. They also 

 had met with some lignite. These lignite beds probably 

 belong to the newer middle pliocene period. 



To the newer pliocene period may belong the creek 

 " leads" on both sides of the Cabbage-tree Range, and also 

 the extensive wash of pebble drift of various kinds, mixed 

 with angular quartz and " cement," over the low country — 

 a drift derived from the disintegration and denudation of 

 the older tertiary hill cappings, and the underlying rocks 

 where exposed. An old creek bed of this age probably con- 

 nects two angles of Anderson's Rivulet in the village of 

 Leonardsborough, and may be auriferous. 



Concretionary ironstone crops out on the west side of the 

 Middle Island, with a N. 10° E. strike, and an apparent 

 easterly dip under the greenstone. A similar concretionary 

 and rather sandy ironstone, with ochre ous kernels, occurs in 

 loose boulders all round the arms at high- water mark, and 

 as a thin bed on the beach south of Ilfracombe village 

 reserve. It seems to be the remains of a pre-existing 

 deposit, resting upon the carboniferous rocks. Its age is 

 doubtful. 



Immediately in front of Dowlin's Hotel at Brandy 

 Creek is a bed of limonite about 12 chains long by 5 chains 

 wide, and of unknown thickness, from which issues a fine 

 spring of water, flowing all the year round ; the ironstone 

 having probably the same origin as that at Mount Vulcan, 

 although, perhaps, of later date. 



In conclusion, I will briefly mention one or two other 

 occurrences in connection with the reefs of Brandy Creek. 

 Victorian reefs in general run in, or nearly so, the strike of 

 the country ; but here they make an angle of from 30° to 

 40° with the strike, or nearly east and west. The often- 

 occurring carbonaceous or black schists forming the casings 

 in many Victorian reefs are here represented by a brown, 

 sometimes hard and silicious, and at other times earthy- 

 looking, light and friable sandstone, containing distinct plant 

 impressions, in the softer rock sometimes converted into 

 coal. This occurrence has not been hitherto noticed, and is 

 of great interest. This bed is said to form the hanging 

 wall, in connection with the " Cabbage-tree" conglomerate, 

 of the "Tasmania" reef, and I obtained specimens from 

 their top shaft. The same rock also occurs in the shaft 

 of the Providence Company on the top of the range. In 



