SCIENCE- GOSSIP. 



337 



it. ■• Elle se distingue de celles-oi par un trait fort 

 caracteristique, c'esl ['absence des taches em- 

 pesees." It is so like C. aurora thai the absence of 

 the costal patch is the best distinguishing cha- 

 racter. $ greatly resembles the $ of C. aurora, 

 but the light spots on the marginal border are not 

 so large nor so distinct. There is not so much 

 basal shading, and the neuration is not black. It 

 is quite possible that previously to 1890 this insect 

 was confounded with ('. aurora, especially as the 

 $ often has a patch of light-coloured scales at the 

 base of h.w. beneath the subcostal nervure. This, 

 however, on a merely casual examination, will be 

 seen to differ entirely from the structure found in 

 the last group. Fringes orange-red mixed with 

 yellow. 



Hab. Turkestan, Pamir, Transalai. VI. — VII. e. 

 Flies rapidly in rocky places. (R. & H.) 



C. romanovi. Male. 



11. C. parniri Alph. Rom. Mem. vol. iv., 1890. 

 49—52 mm. 



$ very like C. myrmidone above, both in colour 

 and markings, but f.w. have the borders less 

 sharply defined internally, and more deeply in- 

 dented; there is some yellow striation near the 

 apex between the nervules. H.w. marginal border 

 more indented than in C. myrmidone, and the sex 

 mark absent. $ closely resembling that of C. 

 myrmidone, but the ground colour is deeper orange. 

 H.w. clearer orange and not shaded towards the 

 base as in that species. The yellow spots are 

 smaller, deeper yellow, and more completely placed 

 within the black border. Disc, spot in both sexes 

 rounded. U.S. f.w. with a white centre to disc, 

 spot. H.w. more velvety in appearance, and of a 

 green tint. Disc, spot smaller and bordered with 

 rosy red, somewhat as in ('. fieldii. 



Hab. Pamir. In marshy Alpine meadows, at 

 considerable elevations. 



12. C. regia Gr.-Gr. 

 45 — 50 mm. 



cf not unlike C. myrmidone in the general cha- 

 racter of the markings, but the ground colour of the 

 wings is deeper than in any other Colias, being of 

 so deep an orange tint that it may almost be 

 described as red, with violet reflection. $ varies 

 greatly as regards the yellow spots on the black 



border; there are at mosi four near the apex, bui 

 generally only \ri\ slighl traces of spots. U.w. 

 with the marginal border broadly Mack, the basal 

 area <>L' wings mimic shaded than in ; . the disc. 

 spot large and deep orange. Fringes of all the 

 wings bright red. CJ.s. f.w. with central area red- 

 dish-orange, costa and ou. marg. light green ; disc. 

 spot white centred. An ante-marginal row of black 

 spots. H.w. uniformly green, not very dark. Disc. 

 spot large and silvery. 



HAB. Turkestan, Transalai, Alai. VII. Flight 

 impetuous and jerky, only in precipitous rocky 

 places where vegetation is absent. (1!. & II. ) 



13. C. thisoa Meh. Cat. Rais. p. 2 1 1. myrmidom 

 var. Ld. Ann. Soc. Belg. xiii. pp. 20, 21. Lg. 



B. E. p. 57, pi. xiii. fig. 3, $ and °. . 

 40 - 42 mm. 



$ very greatly resembles C. myrmidone <?, but 

 besides the absence of the sex mark on the h.w. 

 the marginal band of f.w. is of more even width 

 throughout its whole length, and is move dis- 

 tinctly veined with yellow, especially towards the 

 apex. $ much more distinct from ('. myrmidone, 

 the ground colour of the wings is much deeper 

 orange, the marginal bands are broader and more 

 even, the spots upon it are fewer, smaller, and of a 

 deeper yellow. H.w. always more shaded than in 



C. myrmidone, but very variable ; some specimens 

 resemble C. romanovi in coloration; others have 

 the h.w. very dark, sometimes almost entirely black. 

 The discoidal spot is conspicuous and of a reddish- 

 orange colour. U.S. f.w. orange with a white- 

 centred disc. spot. Ou. marg. greenish-yellow, 

 with three black spots. H.w. greenish -yellow 

 with a pearly disc, spot, and some reddish marks 

 at the base, and parallel to ou. marg. Fringes not 

 very conspicuously red, in some specimens being- 

 even light yellow, especially on h.w. 



Hab. Caucasus, Ararat, Turkestan. Altai. Ala- 

 Tau-Kuldja, Tarbagtai, and Tianschan Mountains. 

 At elevations of 7,000 and 8,000 feet. VI.— VIII. 

 {To be continued.) 



Object Lessons in Schools. — The Board of 

 Education has issued a circular giving special 

 courses of object lessons on common things. These 

 have been sent to the masters of schools in country 

 districts. They are only suggestive, and much is 

 left to the masters with regard to their adaptation. 

 The object of these lessons is to introduce to rural 

 children instruction upon common things with 

 which they meet every day. Some of the subjects 

 suggested are : " Birds and their Habits." '■ Life- 

 History of Common Insects." " Growth and Habits 

 of some Wild and Garden Flowers," " Trees and the 

 Commoner Kinds of Timber," " Living Things in Still 

 and Running Water." " Soils, Mud. Sand, Clay, and 

 Gravel," " Air, Weather-Charts, Rainfall, Frost and 

 Heat, Ventilation." "Breathing, the Heart and 

 Blood," -'Clothing and Warming," " Chemistry of 

 Food of Man. Least, and Plant." "Levers and 

 Pulleys," •■Natural History Calendars," " Outdoor 

 Studies in Geography and Land-Measuring." 



