October 27, 1870. ] 



JOURNAL OF HOBTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



335 



have tbe plants on the estate is in all cases a great advantage — 

 the roots may be madded as taken up, and not too many taken 

 tip at a time. Many forest trees and ornamental shrubs are 

 greatly injared when brought from great distances, for they are 

 so dried and heated in the journey. For raising trees and 

 shrubs, on the mere principle of the division of labour, the 

 nurseryman will ever beat the gentleman and his gardener, or 

 even forester; but a great gain would often be obtained by 

 having the plants on the place a year or two before final 

 transplanting. The extra time, room, and labour will be any- 

 thing but lost — quite the reverse. 



One more hint for the present. Much would be gained if it 

 were well understood that cheap plants and cheap planting are 

 anything but synonymous with profitable planting. Owing to 

 the rage for mere cheapness and the severe competition, nurse- 

 rymen strive to meet it, and advertise plants of certain heights 

 at very low prices. They can only sell at these prices by having 

 the plants standing thickly, almost touching each other's stems 

 in the row, and thus occupying but little ground. Such pro- 

 tected plants turned out on an exposed hillside, say 4 or 5 feet 

 apart, can hardly stand the severe exposure ; the bark, &q., 

 being so tender and fine. Hence the reason, as above staged, 

 for wider planting and home nursing for a year or two. The 

 nurseryman cannot give you the advantage of transplanting 

 and re-transplanting without a corresponding charge, but that 



Beurre Die!, Hacon's Incomparable, and Gloa Mor^eau. Gansel's Berga- 

 mot and Brown Beurre are also excellent. You do not say where yon 

 live, therefore we can form no idea as to whether Shipley's Apricot 

 would succeed or not on a west wall, but unless you are south of London 

 it would not. A Green Gage Plum would do Tery well, and so would 

 Kirke's, Victoria, Jefferson, and Coe's Golden Drop Plums. 



Fruit Trees for East and West "Walls [A Cottage Garde7ier).—On 

 your 37 yards of wall with an east and west aspect, you will have room lor 

 six trees on each side, The west devote to Pears — viz., Flemish Beauty, 

 Marie Louise, Beurre Diel, Passe ColM»r, Van Mona Leon le Clerc, Glou 

 Morgeau ; and between these we should have vertical double cordons, and 

 also at the ends, or seven trees — viz., Beurre d'Amanlis, Louise Bonne of 

 Jersey, Beurre Giffard, Beurre Superfin, Josephine de Malines, Ne Plua 

 Meuris, and Bergamotte Eaperen. The east wall will suit Plums and 

 Cherries. We should have at least one Cherry; Empress Eugenie, an 

 early form of Slay Duke, being excellent. Plums: Green Gage, Jeffer- 

 son, Kirke's, Victoria, and Coe's Golden Drop. Between these you can 

 have double vertical cordon Apples— viz., Kerry Pippin, Cellini, Adams' 

 Psarmain, Cockle Pippin, Golden Pippin, SykehouBe Russet, and Cox's 

 Orange Pippin. For the north wall nothing does ao well as the Morelo 

 Cherry. One would be enough. There is no chance of a Black Ham- 

 burgh or Royal Muscadine Vine succeeding on either an east or west wall. 



Keeping Walnuts (G.).-Xou will see what we said last week. If 

 stored in the green shell this decays and imparts a bad flavour to the 

 kernel. 



Whitb Grape {Southamptonientis), — We cannot name a Grape from 

 one or two berries. It maybe Syrian, White Tokay, White Lisbon, or 

 even White Muscat. From a portion of a bunch with leaves we might be 

 certain of the name. 



Vinery and Conservatory (R. I.). — We think you are distressing 

 yourself unnecessarily about the heating of your houses. We have no 



extra charge would in most cases be anything but an extra doubt the boiler you have will heat the three houses. Or course there is 



expense. We are Bure that the present system of drawing 



plants up thickly and selling cheaply will be, as a rule, to the 



advantage ultimately of neither seller nor buyer. In advertise- 

 ments we should like to see a fresh feature — not merely the 



height and price of the plants, but the times transplanted and 



the distance they stand from each other. The distance must 



be paid for, but those who buy and plant at once would find 



out that in the end it was cheapest to buy proper plants. A few 

 years ago we planted some beautifnl Larch 30 inches in height, 

 with robust stems feathered to the ground, nice little pyramids, 

 and we believe not one failed. They stood in rows 3 feet apart 

 and 2 feet from each other in the rows. We paid a little more 

 for them than for trees of a similar height that stood tbickly 

 in the nursery rows ; but for security against failures, thinner 

 planting at first, and rapid growth afterwards, they were well 

 worth three times the money given for the others 



a greater risk in heatiDg three houses than in heating one by a boiler, as 

 in the one house, if the boiler gave way, one house only would be in 

 danger. To make yourself thoroughly secure it would be best to have 

 two boilers, both connected with the main flow and return, and both shut 

 off by valvej if desirable. If anything happened with one boiler yon 

 could disconnect it and work the other. The boiler you have, however, 

 may do its work well for many years without a flaw. As far as we know, 

 the mode of heating is good. The boiler is placed, say, near the west end of 

 the vinery, and pipes go across the back or north end of the conservatory 

 until they reach the next vinery. The pipes from the boiler across the 

 ead of the conservatory act as flow and return, and from thence, we pre- 

 sume, by valves or otherwise, the other houses can be heated separately 

 or all together. The four pipes round the vinerieB will be ample ; but as 

 we presume the conservatory is a span 20 feet wide, two pipes at each 

 side, and at the south end. minus the doorway, would do to keep out 

 frost ; but to maintain a stove or tropical heat in winter, you would need 

 nearly double the piping if the boose is at all lofty. The arrangement of 

 the conservatory must be a matter of taste. If rather low, have a border 

 for plants and climbers all round, a walk all round, and a bed in the 

 middle ; if lofty enough, then borders, but a narrow Btage all round, and 

 a stage of flit sparred table, or a stone or slato platform, in the centre. 

 The 32-oz. glass will be warmer in winter than thin glass. Roses in pots 



Ttiere 

 would be fewer yearly makings-up of plantations and shrub- . 



beriflfl if PitVtnr n> hnma /v* Q f *U* vvh-o^tt ♦v.aw. «,«„« «,^-„ I for house culture should be managed according as von force them much 

 «*«!«? *■ a * 5 n 1 ur8 f r y« * here „ we ' e more ' or not. The less they are forced-tbat is, brought on verv gradually, the 



preparation ana room given to the plants before final trans- better will the blooms be. The pots should be well filled w'ith roots before 

 planting. Let those interested look to it; tbey will then see * 

 it is no loss to pay the grower for transplanting and additional 

 room.— B. F. 



TRADE CATALOGUE RECEIVED. 



Ellwanger & Barry, Mount Hope Nurseries, Rochester, New York. 

 Descriptive Catalogue of Fruits. Descriptive Catalogue of Ornamental 

 Trees, Shrubs, Hoses, &c. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



*** We request that no one will write privately to any of the 

 correspondents of the " Journal of Horticulture, Cottage 

 Gardener, and Country Gentleman." By doing so they 

 are subjected to unjustifiable trouble and expense. All 

 communications should therefore he addressed solely to 

 The Editors of the Journal of Horticulture, <£c, 171, Fleet 

 Street, London, E.C. 



We also request that correspondents will not mix up on the 

 same sheet questions relating to Gardening and those on 

 Poultry and Bee subjects, if they expect to get them an- 

 swered promptly and conveniently, but write them on 

 separate communications. Also never to send more than 

 two or three questions at once. 

 N.B. — Many questions must remain unanswered until nex 

 week. 



Too Many Queries (An Old Subscriber).— There is no book containing 

 pictures of every known plant. Heat your small greenhouse by a gas 

 ■stove. We name Ferns from specimens. You could safely sow the seeds 

 as you mention. Other queries in " Our Letter Box." 



Peebles on Shelves at Kew (A Constant Reader).— The pots rest on 

 fragments of Derbyshire spar spread on the shelves. 



Peach Trees (J. A., Dublin).— Peach trees without glands are more 

 subject to mildew than those with them. Have Rivera's Early York and 

 Dr. Hogg in your greenhouse. 



Late Pears for South-east Wall (G. G.).— Bergamotte E=peren, 

 Beurre de Ranee, Colmar, Glou Morceau, and Ne Plus Meuris. 



Pears for West Wail (B. S.).— To ripen from October to Januiry 

 inclusive, we advise : for quality and productiveness, Marie Louise. 



being set in tbe house. If out of doors now, protect the puts from frost. 

 Dessert and Preserving Gooseberries (J. C). — For dessert — Early 

 Green Hairy, Pitmaston Green Gage, Red Champagne, Yellow Cham- 

 pagne. Warrington, and Whitesmith. These have all small highly-fla- 

 voured berries. If you wish for larger, then of the large or Lancashire 

 prize sorts— Red: London, Dan's Mistake, and Conquering Hero. Yellow : 

 Catherina, Leveller, and Drill. Green : Thumper, Stockwell. and Tele- 

 graph. White : Antagonist, Freedom, and Hero or the Nile. For general 

 purposes Crown Bob, Ironmonger, Keens' Seedling, Roaring Lion, and 

 Warrington, with Rumbullion for bottling. 



Amorphophallus bcleiferus Treatment {Idem). — It iB hardy, suc- 

 ceeding in a sheltered border well drained, and does well in sandy soil 

 with a portion of sandy peat. The ground abont the plant should be 

 mulched with partially decayed leaves that may remain on until spring, 

 and then be pointed-in. It is also known as Arum bulbiferum. The 

 broad-leaved plant is Escallonia rubra, and the narrow-leaved Daphne 

 Cueorum. 



Salting- Asparagus Beds {Idem).— We do not recommend the salt to 

 be applied at the time that the haulm is cut off and the beds manured for 

 the winter ; but in spring, when you dress the beds, give a dressing of salt, 

 and another in May. 



Late Peas {Colonel G.). — The best late Peas we have partaken of 

 this autumn were from the garden of B. Drew, Esq., Streatbam. Thty 

 were British Queen, and the gardener, Mr. Baldwin, said lhat they were 

 sown very deep on the 29th of May, were watered about a week after 

 twice, but no mulching was put over the roots. They will continue 

 bearing until the end of this month. 



Pruning Peach Trees {TV.).— You may cut out the old wood now, and 

 during the next month you may perform whatever pruning is required ; 

 but as you practise summer-pruning, but little will be needed by the 

 present year's wood and that for nest year's fruiting. 



Gathering Medlars {C. N. B.i.— Now is a good time to gather them. 

 The proper time is when they come away freely from the tree, which is 

 usually when the leaves have begun to fall. They should be gathered on 

 a fine day. 



Rhubarb Grown for Market (H. E.).— We believe the market gar- 

 deners near London make fresh plantations annually — taking up the 

 old roots for forcing. This is what Mr. Cuthill says in his little book on 

 " Market Gardening." '• Rhubarb -growing out of doors is so simple that 

 little can be said respecting it. The ground being heavily manured, a 

 plant is taken up and divided into as many eyes or buds as it possesses. 

 These are planted 4 feet apart, and by the autumn tbey will have produced 

 roots from 6 lbs. to 10 lbs. in weight. The oldest roots are generally 

 taken up for forcing : and by always having a good rotation, the grower 

 has the power of continually changing the ground, wnd thus obtaining a 

 heavier crop. The forced plants will furnish eyes for a continual succes- 



