November 10, 1870. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



377 



between the spcond line of cordons and the wall, and that you must not 

 cover with fruit trees, though there would be no objection to a row of 

 Strawberries at 8 feet from the wall. Three good sorts are Sir Joseph 

 Paxton, Keens' Seedling, and if you want a very early one. Black Prince. 

 XTnlesB you procure plants in pots, by planting ordinary runners now, you 

 would not have much orospect of fruit nest year— indeed, we would Dot 

 plant beforo the middle of February. " Fruit Gardening for the Many " 

 will suit you. It mav be had post free from oar office for five postage 

 stamps. 



Heading-back Newly-planted Plum Trees (Inquirer).— In al! cases 

 we advise that newly planted trees should be headed-back, but as a rule 

 we would confine the operation to the central parte, or where more shoots 

 are required for covering the space. The heading-back may be carried 

 too far, and when a tree has good roots it is not necessary ; but if the 

 shoots are thin it is necessary to cut back, so as to secure the requisite 

 number of shoots at the required part. We have seen shortening the 

 central shoots only practised with good success. 



Preparing Ground for Potato Planting (N. C. H.).— Dig the ground 

 to lie now, and throw it up as roughly as possible for the wider, giving 

 whatever manure is required. In digging see that all grass, weeds, &c, 

 are pat at the bottom of the trenches. In February tu n the ground 

 with a fork, picking o»t any root-weeds, as Couch-grass, Docks, and Dan- 

 delions, and clear them off If no manure is given at the first digging it 

 should be hpp'ied at the second digging; but whilst at the first digging 

 the manure may bd used in a fresh state, at the second it ought to be 

 partially decayed, or what may be termed short, so as to dig in well when 

 sp-ead on the surface. For a light soil Lapstone and Early Oxford Pota- 

 toes are excellent. 



i, P 2?J AH1NG Manu *e (Idem).— We would free the stable litter of the 

 short duog, and place it i* the piggery until it became thoroughly wet, 

 then we would remove it to a heap and let it remain until quite rotten— 

 that is, until it could be dug in with a spade. It would be better, however, 

 to take it direct from the piggery to the ground and at once dig it in, but 

 in some cases this is impracticable. Dung usually takes Bis or eieht 

 weeks to become fit tr> be dug in with the Bpade, and then it requires to 

 be turned over and wetted twice or thrice. Night soil is a capital manure. 

 It may be mixed with an equal quantity of dry soil, and may be used 

 fresh. A dressing an inch thick is not too much at this season, or half 

 thatm spring. Johnson's "Science and Practice of Gardening" con- 

 tains what yru require. It may be hai at our office for 35., or free by 

 post for 3*. 4 d 



Canker (C. RX—lt is not caused bv frost, and to remove the bark 

 would kill the trees. If the Apple and Pear trees are young, the canker 

 may be caused by tho roots descending into anunaenial subsoil. Remov- 

 ing those roots, and keeping the surface mulched, may check the 



Peach-house Ventilation (New Forest).— We should be quite satisfied 

 with yoar ventilation, but a small triangular opening at each end would 

 De an improvement— say a triangle of from 24 to 30 inches on two sides, 

 with a base 1 foot or so in length. Three or four openings in the back 

 wan near the bottom communicating with the open shed behind, would 

 also be desirable— say 2 feet long by 13 inches wide These would be 

 advantages, but with early air-giving we would be content with the pre- 

 sent ventilation. 



/u7 YR *7 UID ri ApPLE AND pEAR Trees foe North-west of England 

 r ' tt ''NT Dessert Apples: Earlv Red Margaret, Kerry Pippin, Cellini, 

 tocke Pippin, Margil, Nonesuch, Svkebouse Russet, Braddick's Non- 

 pareil, Cox g Oranee Pippin, Scarlet Nonpareil, Adams's Pearmain. and 

 wyKen Pippin. Kitchen Apples: Keswick Codlin, Lord Suffield, Cox'e 

 Pomona. Alfnston, Bedfordshire Foundling, Northern Greening, Dume- 

 iow s Seedling, Blenheim Pippin, Hawthornden, Winter Majetin, Norfolk 

 Bearer, and Ry mer. Dessert Pears : Bergamotte EBperen, Beurre d'Anian- 

 iie, Beurr« Giffard, Beurre Hardv, Comte de Lamv. Alexandre Lanibre, 

 ^ouise Bonne of Jersey, Williama'e Bon Chretien, Zephirin Gregoire, Ne 

 Jr-ius iMeuns, Beurre Diel. and Jean de Witte or Glou Moreeau. BaUnn 

 or&tewmg; Catillac and Verulam. 



Datura suaveolens (Idem).— That is the name of the plant you de- 

 scribe- W« ctnnot account for its flagging, except from its not being 

 sufficiently supplied with water, or you mav have destroved its roots by 

 an overdose of .iqnid manure. Your treatment mnst be good for the 

 plant to bloom so well, and we do not perceive in what you need advice. 



Glou Mor9eauPkar(TF. H. H.).— It is ahybrid name, Glou is Flemish, 

 and synooymotis with our word dainty; Moreeau, a morsel, is French ; so 

 that in entire English the name is the "Dainty-morsel Pear." 



Bovinia Potato (C. P.).— You will see the information you ask for in 

 the notes from those who have grown it published by us. 



Overhanging Trees (A. C.).— You should first request the owner of 

 the trees to remove the branches which extend from his ground and over- 

 bang your garden. If he neglects so doing, then give him a legal written 

 notice that % ou will cut them off so far as they do overhang your garden, 

 if you do so cut them off, then place the portions removed in your neigh- 

 bour's ground. 6 



Group of Trees in Pare Planting (J. B.).~ We would plant the group 

 in masses— thnt is to say, at the two ends we would have about a dozen of 

 the pink and the common Horse Chestnut, and in the middle two groups 

 ol Furple Beech, consisting of about an equal number of trees; the 

 centre we would have Lime and English Elm, and the divisions between 

 the masses Pmus austriaca, P. Laricio, and Scotch Fir, all at 12 feet apart, 

 we would then fill up the part where the evergreens are with deciduous 

 shrubs for undergrowth, so as to make them 4 feet apart— Black Thorn, 

 Deutzia Ecabra, Scarlet Dogwood, Ribes sangninea, Snowberry, Gueldres 

 Rose, and Sweet Briar; and the part planted with deciduous trees we 

 would fill np with evergreen shrubs, as Berberis Aquiiolinm, B. dulcis, 

 B. Darwinii, Tree Box, Holly, Yew, Laurustinus, Evtrgreeu Privet, com- 

 mon Laurel, aud Rhododendrons. The spring is the beat time for thin- 

 ning out Larch. 



Royal Horticultural Society —We have received a verv handsome 

 Dancn of Alicante Grapes from Mr. Wells, of Southend, similar to those 

 shown by him from a ground vinery before the Fruit Committee on the 

 ^na inst , and which received a special certificate. By a slip of the pen 

 iney were referred to as Black Hamburgh in our report at page 348. 



Select Chrysanthemums (C. Montgomery).— See reports in another 



page. If burnt in sufficient quantity to heat the house the plants would 

 be injured. We cannot name florists' flowers. 



Border Re-arranging (A Subscriber). — In bo narrow a border as 

 4 feet, we do not Bee what shrubs you can have except against the wall, 

 and in addition to Pymcantha and Pyrus japonica which you name, ve 

 would advise Berberis Darwinii, Cotoneaster Simmondsii, C. microphyllp, 

 Forsythia suspensa, and Ligustrum japonicum. Two feet from the wall 

 we would have a row of RoBes, and then perennials in front, re-arrangirg 

 and planting those you have, or you might keep the space for summer 

 bedding plants, but these you could arrange in beds on the lawn. We 

 would stub up all the shrubs in the border, and trench the ground w^ll 

 before plantins, giving a good dref=sing of manure. The shrubs should 

 be planted 4 feet apart, and nailed to the wall. 



Roses— L'Enfant Trouve (C. W. D.).— L'Enfant Trouve is very like 

 Elise Sauvage, but has no synonymes. It will be found in the catalogues 

 of Mr. Cranston, King's Acre, Hereford, and Messrs. Paul & Son, Cheshunt. 

 It is not so hardv or so free-flowering as Gloire de Dijon, still in many 

 situations it is a desirable Rose, but in general requires the protection <f 

 a wall. It is & useful Rose for pot culture, for spring forcing, thouth 

 among the yellow Tea Roses for forcing, ihere is none much better than 

 the old Vicomtesse de Cazes and La Boule d'Or. Louise de Savoie and 

 Souvenir d'uo Ami are also especially good Teas for pot culture. 



Pyramid Apple and Pear Trees (A. W).— The soil is wholly unsuit- 

 able for Apples wnd Pears. Take it out and replace it with good strong 

 loam. Dessert Apples: Red Astrachan, Kerry Pippin, Cellini, Sykehouse 

 Rustet, Cox's Orange Pippin, Cockle Pippin, Oiravenstein, and Scailet 

 Nonpareil. Pears : Beurre Gifftrd, Williams's Bon Chretien, Comte de 

 Lamv, Alexandre Lambre, Louise Bonne nf Jersey, Zephirin Gregoire, 

 and Bergamotte Esperen. A good winter Pear for a west wall is Glcu 

 Morgeau. 



Potatoes Sprouting (Negro Noro).— The Early Rose and Mona's Pride 

 now sprouting we would keep in the light if we could, and as cool and 

 dry as possible, and if they are more sprouted than a quarter of an inch, 

 it would be welt to rub the sprouts off. The beginning of February is 

 quite early enough for them to begin sprouting; but this year our 

 Potatoes, especially the early sorts, are sprouting, no doubt owing to the 

 drought of the past summer stopping their growth and inducing prema- 

 ture ripening. The cooler they are kept, if safe from frost, the better. 

 If you give them to thf pigs it ia likely you will not receive for planting 

 any that have not had the first sprouts removed- Ihose which have not 

 pprouted are to be preferred. 



Air is Hot-water Pipes fTi. A-).— You had better have an air-pipe in 

 the return-pipe as well. With an air-pipe on 'he top flow-pipe, and the 

 supply-pipe 2 feet above the flow-pipes, we cannot conceive how th« water 

 does not heat and circulate in these upper flow-pipes, except that the air- 

 pipe is not at the highest point, or that the air-pipe is clogged or dosed- 

 up. Two years ago we had a pit with pipes rising about 8 inches to the 

 farther end, with an air-pipe there g-iing outside, and then turned down- 

 wards to keep dust out, but some earth-bees bad taken up their abode in 

 it, and no heating nor circulation could be obtained until the (-mail air- 

 pipe had been cleaned out. We think this is most likely the reason. We 

 could hardly assign any other cause, without knowing all about the levels 

 of the pipes. 



Heating a Conservatory (L- G. M.).— If the house, 17 feet high, h98 

 much glass at the sides, you had' better have three pipes all round 

 beneath the pathways instead of two. As thesB pathways are to be of 

 ornamental tiles, there should be ornamental Gratings to let the heated 

 air freely up. A tubular boiler fed from the top is, perhaps, tr-e most 

 easily managed. A No. 2 of Messrs. Weeks's, costing from £6 to £7, 

 would suit you. For ouraelves we would not lnok askance on a good saddle- 

 back as that of Jones, 20 inches in height, 18 wide, and 24 long, costing 

 about £6. For such a position we would prefer the pipes being jointed 

 with iron filings and salammoDiac. 



Glazing a Conservatory (Reader). — We would in your case, if the 

 glazing at the sides is done in the uBual way, and the glass held firmly 

 with putty, have the roof glazed with small laps — say of one-eighth of an 

 inch. The plan you propose of having the glass put edge to edge without 

 laps would answer very well, if by grooves deeper than the glass, and 

 using yielding material for packing, you gave room for the glass to 

 expand and contract laterally. If the glass is put rather firmly between 

 rebate and rebate, or if the putty becomes so hard as to prevent its ex- 

 panding at the sides, the closer and nearer the edges of the squares fit 

 each other, the greater the danger of cracking from expansion. You 

 will be safer by not having the glass quite close to the rebate on each 

 side; still, even that help will not prevent the glass chipping at the 

 edges. This expansion provided for at the sides, there is then little 

 danger of chipping, and if the roof is not flat there will be no danger of 

 drip. 



Names of Fruit (A. Walker).—!, Betty Geeson ; 3, Bull's Go'den 

 Reinette; 5, Figue de NapleB; 6, CJrbaniste. (A Constant Reader). — 

 Apples : Springrove Codlin ; 2, Piles* Russet ; 3, Lamb Abbey Pearmain ; 



4, Christie's Pippin; 5, Hunthou3e ; 6, Russet Pearmain; 7, Kingston 

 Black; 8, Golaen Reinette; 9, Casseler Reinette. Pears : 1. Brough- 

 am; 2, Vaa Mons Leon Leclerc ; 4, Passe Colmar. (H. C, Tonbridge). 

 — 1, Beurre Derouineau ; 2, Delaunoy ; 3, Comte de Lamv ; 4, Old Colmar ; 



5, Winter Nelis ; 6, Glou Mnrceau; 7, Princess Ofcarlotte. (W. R.). — 

 1, Braddick's Nonpareil; 2, Sturmer Pippin; 3, Winter Hawthornden; 

 4, Cox's OraDge Pippin ; 5, Stead's Kernel ; 6, Normanton Wonder. (A 

 Constant Reader, J. W M.) — 1, Pearson's Plate; 3. Court-Pendu-Plat; 

 4, Marmalade Pippin; 7, Braddick's Nonpareil; 9 Like Cox's Orange 

 Pippin; 10, Api petit; 11. Card's Seedling; 12. Broad-eyed Pippin ; 13, 

 Selwood's Reinette. ( Centurion). — 1, Kentish Codlin ; 2, Reinette Blanche 

 d'Espagne ; 4, English Codlin; 5, Duchesse d'Angouleme; f, Lemon 

 Pippin; 8, Bedfordshire Foundling. (Cavendish Richardson).— 1, Barce- 

 lona Pearmain ; 5, White Nonpareil; 16, Court of Wick; 31, Sykehouf-e 

 Russet. (A. O. R.). — When we omit naming some of the specimens sent, 

 it is because we do not identify them. We knew your No. 2 to be Doyenne 

 du Cornice, but did not recognise No. 1. If you will send another speci- 

 men we will endeavour to name it. 



Names of Plants (Old Subscriber). — We cannot identify plants from 

 their leaves only. (J. L., Richmond). — 1, Adiantum Capillus-Veneris ; 2, 

 Lastrea dilatata ; S, Pteris serrulata; 5, Ruscus Hypoglossum. (A. Y.j. — 

 We cannot uudertake to name florists' flowers, nor plants from mere 

 leaves, and you have sent both ; 3, is Euonymus europseus. 



