December 22, 1870. ] 



JOURNAL OP HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



487 



WEEKLY CALENDAR. 



Day 

 of 



Month 



22 

 23 

 34 

 25 

 26 

 27 

 28 



Day 



of 



Week. 



Th 



F 



S 



Son 



M 



To 



W 



DECEMBER 22-28, 1870. 



Winter commences. 



Christmas Day. 

 St. Stephen. 

 St. John Evangelist. 

 Innocents' Day. 



Average Tempera- 



Rain in 



last 









Day. 



NiRht. 



Mean. 



Days. 



45.0 



32.5 



38.7 



21 



44.1 



31.7 



87.9 



21 



44.0 



31.3 



37.0 



17 



43.4 



29.4 



3H.4 



9 



43.2 



31.4 



S7.3 



16 



43.0 



29.7 



86.4 



15 



42.6 



29.5 



36.0 



13 



Son 



Rises. 



Sun 



Sets. 



31. h. I m. h. 

 6af8 i 51af3 

 6 

 7 

 7 

 8 



53 

 53 

 54 

 55 



Moon 

 Rises. 



m. h. 



55 af 7 

 5 9 



59 9 



40 10 



12 11 



86 11 



56 11 



Moon 

 bets. 



h. 

 58 af 3 



Davs. 



e 



i 



2 

 3 

 4 

 5 



Clock 

 after 

 Sun. 



Day 



of 



Year. 



m. 8. 



1 11 



40 



10 



before 



50 



1 19 

 1 49 



357 

 35S 

 359 



KOI 



361 

 862 



From observations taken near London during the last forty-three years, the average day temperature of the week is 43 6 3 , and its nieht 

 temperature 30.8°. The greatest heat was 58 3 , on the 25th, 1S2 ? ; and 28th, 1855 ; and the lowes: cold 1° below zero, on the 23th, 1S61. The 

 greatest fall of rain was 1.13 inch. 



TEA ROSES FOR OUT-DOOR CULTURE. 



• T page 438 are given, in reply to tke inquiry 

 by a correspondent, the names of some select 

 Tea-scented Roses for out-door culture. To 

 the excellence and beauty of the kinds there 

 named no Rose amateur will, I think, take 

 exception, but the suitability of a few of them 

 for out-door culture is open to some discus- 

 sion, and not of these only, but the subject of 

 Tea Roses out of doors is one that might be 

 resumed with interest. 

 The Tea-scented Roses (R,osa indica odorata) are the 

 desire, and but too often the envy, of all lovers of Roses ; 

 they have a charm and fragrance peculiar to themselves 

 which attract to them a preference beyond all other kinds 

 Their successful culture in the open ground, with a very 

 few exceptions, is beset with difficulties. They will not 

 generally grow where the hardier species often flourish ; 

 they require more care, more assiduous attention than any 

 other race of Roses, and the luxury of obtaining them in 

 quantity and variety is seldom acquired without the aid 

 of glass structures, with pot-culture, or planting out in a 

 house specially devoted to them. 



Slowly but surely the number of varieties of the Tea- 

 scented Roses of approved quality and sufficiently hardy 

 for out-door planting is increasing, and among these the 

 Noisettes may be included, for the difference between the 

 two sections is one of degree rather than of kind, so that 

 no Rose garden, nor any flower garden whatever, ought 

 now to be without them altogether. The selected kinds 

 recommended for this purpose in the list above alluded to 

 are Gloire de Dijon, Abricote, Vicomtesse de Cazes, 

 Devoniensis, Adam, Boule d'Or, Madame Levet, Jaune 

 d'Or, Belle Lyonnaise, Adrienne Christophle, Montplaisir, 

 and Madame Damazin. Of these, Abricote, Adam, and 

 Vicomtesse de Cazes have with me proved too tender, and 

 too dwarf and feeble in growth to withstand even an ordi- 

 nary winter ; under glass, however, they appear more 

 vigorous, and potted in soil adapted for this class of Roses 

 they produce very beautiful flowers Boule d'Or failed to 

 expand its bloom, in addition to its tender habit of growth. 

 The insertion of Madame Levet in the list I am inclined 

 to believe is a clerical error, having never heard of a Tea 

 Rose of that name. Jaime d'Or.Belle Lyonnaise, Adrienne 

 Christophle, Montplaisir, and Madame Damaizin I have 

 not tried. 



Gloire de Dijon is well known to thrive in almost any 

 ordinary situation. Scarcely less hardy is Celine Forestier. 

 a deservedly universal favourite. With slight modification 

 may be added Marechal Niel, by far the best of all yellow 

 Roses, and unsurpassed in depth and in substance of 

 petal, combined with rich colouring and symmetrical form ; 

 Sombreuil is a lovely white Tea Rose of fine shape, abun- 

 dant bloom, and vigorous growth. These four may all be 

 successfully grown, even in light s oils, as is the case here, 

 budded on the Dog Rose at from fi to 12 inches above the 

 surface. They form handsome pillar Roses if treated in 

 the maimer pointed out hy Mr. W. Paul in a recent article 



No. 508.— Vol. XIX., New Series 



in this Journal. If it can be avoided, Marechal Niel and 

 Sombreuil should not be exposed to the north and north- 

 east winds. As they grow well on the Briar they will, of 

 course, form standards ; but it is especially objectionable 

 to see attempts to prime and drill Roses into a shape they 

 will not naturally assume. 



The following Tea Roses have been fully exposed here 

 during four successive winters — that is to say, they are 

 planted out in front of a south wall, and no care has been 

 taken to give them any further protection than the wall 

 affords. They may, therefore, be presumed to be suffi- 

 ciently hardy for a like situation. They are Devoniensis, 

 Madame Bravy, Alba rosea, Rubens, Madame Willermoz, 

 Madame Margotlin, Madame Falcot, Souvenir d'un Ami, 

 Homere, Narcisse, Goubault, President — all well-known 

 kinds, acknowledged to be among the best of this class ; 

 they are on the Manetti stock. Madame Falcot and 

 Goubault are most beautiful before complete expansion. 

 Madame Margottin is a beautiful deep yellow Rose, with 

 a peach or rose centre, and fine foliage. Homere has its 

 petals jagged or irregularly notched, which is a drawback. 

 Narcisse is a pretty pale yellow, and one of the freest 

 blooming of all Roses. 



The chief conditions required for the culture of Tea- 

 scented Roses out of doors are light or well-drained 

 soil — such as will not retain an excess of moisture during 

 cold weather — free exposure to sun and air, shelter from 

 north and north-east winds, occasional mulching, and a 

 supply of well-rotted stable manure among the plants, 

 which are best arranged in groups or in beds, and not 

 dispersed ; and further to promote vigorous growth, give 

 a moderate watering in dry and warm weather with 

 manure water. With these simple and inexpensive pre- 

 cautions it will be found quite possible to admit repre- 

 sentatives of this noble class of Roses to a place in open- 

 air gardening. 



There is a freshness and delicacy of colouring in the 

 flowers of the Tea Roses grown in the open air that does 

 not seem to be so fully realised under glass ; it must, 

 however, be admitted that to have them in variety sufficient 

 to include all or most of the best kinds, many of which 

 are too tender for out-door culture, a glass structure is 

 indispensable. 



One more hint mav be useful to those who from taste 

 or circumstances of soil still desire to grow Roses in quan- 

 tity in the form of standards at a height of more than 

 3 feet from the ground ; at this height it is necessary, in 

 order to secure the plants from injury by winds, to tie 

 each firmly to n. stake, and when the number of plants is 

 considerable, the staking and tying are also a matter of 

 considerable trouble My respected neighbour, Mr. Tucker, 

 of Garston House, wishing to have rows of standard Roses 

 by the sides of the principal walks in his garden, has 

 adopted a simple expedient which avoids the trouble of 

 staking each plant, and which in the case of wooden stakes 

 has frequently to be repeated. At each end of the row is 

 a stout pole of willow, to which are affixed the ends of a 

 length of galvanised iron wire at the required height. The 

 standard Roses are held firmly to the wire by ;\ soft liga- 

 No. lie).— Vol. XLIV., Old Szries. 



