July 26, 1877. ] 



JOURNAL OP HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



67 



wide. This may be flat, or rather 1 inch higher on one side ; 

 it may be of two pieces of glass abutting in the centre. The 

 woodwork should be grooved and the glass well pnttied-in ; 

 the uprights joining the sides are to be grooved and puttied. 

 I cannot recollect a single square of glass having been broken 

 for eight or nine years. There is a door at each end on the 

 south side : the end is always whitewashed. This prevents red 

 spider, which always used to attack the last Vine in the 

 S.W. corner. It has never done bo since, showing that white- 

 washing prevents red spider. The whole forms an avenue of 

 Grapes, and has a very pretty effect. — Observes. 



GARDEN EOSBS. 



Of all the floral embellishments of the garden the Rose is 

 the greatest favourite and is the most generally cultivated, 

 for it is grown in almost every garden, from that of the palace 

 to the home-plot of the humble cottager. Eulogium were 

 it attempted must fail to do justice to the charms of the queen 

 of flowers. Poets of all nations have sung its praises, but 

 have not found language sufficiently emblematic of its beauty, 

 for its allurements are ever increasing. The Rose affords 

 beauty in its fairest, brightest, and richest aspect, with a fra- 

 grance that is delightful ; in fact, it possesses a combination 

 of qualities which renders it superior to every other flower. 



Profuse displays are most aimed at in gardens, a luxurious 

 profusion of flower, filling the eye with colour and the atmo- 

 sphere with fragrance. I have a good recollection of what a 

 blaze of beauty our roseries were for a time when summer 

 Roses were in their glory : the immensity of bloom produced 

 wa3 something wonderful. Yet we may have a mass of colour 

 produced by blooms which are individually inferior. Some 

 summer Roses are indeed very beautiful — perfect in form, 

 very lovely, and worth a place in gardens, but a majority are 

 only suited for semi-cultivation. Have as many as there is 

 room for at the outer boundary of the rosery, employing the 

 strong growers with the climbing class for clothing poles, 

 buildings, &o., requiring ornamentation ; but as Roses for the 

 garden their day is past, if for no other reason than their short 

 period of flowering. 



Summer Roses being "out of the race," and as everyone 

 " pats " the winning horse, I will pass on to the description of 

 Rose most in request in gardens. In a Rose for the garden we 

 must have a variety excelling in form, Bize, substance of petal, 

 and continuity of flowering, fragrance being an additional re- 

 commendation. These qualities we have in autumnal Roses. 

 For a Rose garden a sheltered situation should be chosen, for 

 though Roses like sun and air the foliage and flowers suffer in 

 exposed positions from winds. A low screen of shrubs or the 

 hardier and commoner kinds of Roses are suitable for shelter. 

 The ground should be well drained and trenched as deeply as 

 the good soil will permit, working-in good manure liberally. 

 There is nothing like a good foundation. Nothing beats good 

 sound rather strong loam for Roses, which may be trenched 

 2 or 3 feet deep ; but it is little use bringing-up the " brash " 

 that underlies many shallow soils, though it is desirable to 

 loosen it to some extent and apply a good dressing of manure. 

 Very strong loams will need little beyond manure, whilst 

 shallow light soils will be improved by applications of strong 

 loams or even marl. 



In choice of plants dwarfs are preferable to standards, 

 especially in exposed situations. A few standards may be 

 desirable to give variety of form and height, but as a rule 

 standards do not look well in a rosery, and are not so satis- 

 factory as dwarfs. Dwarfs upon the Manetti stock are most 

 suitable worked low, so that the whole of ths stock may be 

 buried beneath the soil, the junction of stock and scion being 

 about 3 inches beneath the surface soil. I will omit details of 

 planting, as these may be more appropriately alluded to as the 

 autumn approaches, but I may mention a few points which 

 should be attended to during the summer. 



The " worm i' the bud " will need to be seen to, than which 

 there is no better remedy than hand-picking and squeezing 

 the folded-up leaves, and insects must be kept under by Byring- 

 ing the bushes with a solution of soft soap, 2 ozs. to the gallon 

 of water. _ The foliage is also much refreshed by syringing 

 overhead in the evening of hot days. Water and liquid manure 

 can hardly be given too freely in parching weather, especially 

 to Roses in shallow soils. Mulching with short material is 

 also good, inasmuch as it retards evaporation, keeping the 

 Boil more uniformly cool and moist. We have only to cut 

 away the flowered shoots to the first good leaf beneath the 



flower after the petals are shed, and Btop any gross Bhoot not 

 flowering at the height of the blooming or bloomed shoots so 

 as to keep the heads compact, and we may rely upon a con- 

 tinuity of flowers until frost. sun? 



It is a common idea that Roses in beds or masses should 

 have the shoots pegged down, to which there can be no objec- 

 tion when profusion and not perfection of blooms is Bought. 

 It is a practice that answers well for sloping banks, the shoots 

 being pegged down much in the way of Laurels, and the young 

 growths kept within bounds by timely removal of such as grow 

 too long and mar the effect. For pegging down the plants 

 Bhould have the shoots encouraged the first year, allowing 

 them to grow at will, the objeot being to secure as many long 

 shoots as possible, and aB near as may be of uniform strength. 

 After they have grown a foot or more in length the shoots 

 should be secured by pegs in an oblique direction, but not 

 bringing them close down, all weak shoots being cut clean 

 away, Beeking to impart as much vigour as possible to the 

 primary shoots. The shoots, after the ground has been 

 duly manured and dug, may be pegged close down. No prun- 

 ing is required beyond cutting off the unripe ends of the 

 shoots. Every eye will give its flower or truss of flowers, and 

 the effect is certainly superb ; yet the blooms are not worth 

 much as compared with those grown on bushes. Such an un- 

 natural mode of growing the Rose as pegging it down only 

 serves a special purpose, and is not to be advised when good 

 blooms are wanted. It is mentioned because every phase of 

 Rose onlture should be notioed in a journal having so many 

 " Rose readers." 



Hybrid Perpetuals, as before stated, are most suitable for 

 gardens and make splendid masses, it being advisable to 

 employ but one kind in a mass or to keep the lines distinct by 

 having varieties that will contrast in colour. The following in 

 their respective colours are good for masses, have well-formed 

 flowers, producing them freely, and have good constitutions. 

 They are good alike for garden or house decoration. 



Bark Crimson. — Charles Lefebvre, Prince Camille de Rohan, 

 Fisher Holmes, Lord Macaulay, Louis Van Houtte, Due de 

 Rohan, Eugene Appert, Pierre Notting, Charlotte Corday, Le 

 Rhone, and Marfichal Vaillant. 



Bed or Crimson. — Francois I., General Jacqueminot, Alfred 

 Colomb, Beauty of Waltham, Dupuy-Jamain, General Von 

 Moltke, Madame Viotor Verdier, Senateur Vaisse, Thomas 

 Mills, Prince de Portia, and Comtesse d'Oxford. 



Rose and Pink. — La Ville de St. Denis, John Hopper, 

 Francois Michelon, Baronne Prevoet, ComteBse de Chabrillant, 

 Anna Alexieff, Abel Grand, Annie Laxton, Auguste Mie, 

 Baronne de Bothschild, Berthe Baron, Capitaine Christy, Jules 

 Margottin, La France, LyonnaiBe, Madame Clert, and Edonard 

 Morren. 



White or Blush. — Boule de Neige, Madame Lacharme, and 

 Mademoiselle Bonnaire. 



Fragrant Hybrid Perpetuals. — Baronne Louise Uxkull, rose ; 

 Bessie Johnson, blush; Claude Levet, crimson; Duchess of 

 Edinburgh, pink ; Francois Courtin, crimson ; Madame 

 Eugene Appert, rosy pink ; Madame Ferdinand Jamin, rosy 

 carmine; Madame Vidot; Mademoiselle Marguerite Dombrain, 

 rose; Marie ThS'ese, rose; William Jesse, rose; Oxonian, 

 rose ; and Queen Eleanor, rose. Of the newer kinds Rev. J. B. 

 M. Camm and Miss Hassard have sweet-scented flowers. 



The next Rose that I will name is the Damask Perpetual, 

 Crimson Perpetual, or Rose du Roi, crimson, than which there 

 is no finer and sweeter for cutting from in late summer. A 

 large bed of this and Mogador or Crimson Superb ought to be 

 in every garden. They require liberal treatment — that of 

 Hybrid Perpetuals. 



In Perpetual Moss Boses we have Soupert et Notting, rose and 

 fragrant; and Mrs. W. Paul, rose, one of the freest blooming 

 of this family, while few are prettier in the bud state than the 

 Winter Perpetual. All require high culture and close pruning. 



Of Bourbons worthy of mention — Armosa, pink ; Baron 

 Gonella, deep rose; Queen of the Bourbons, fawn-coloured 

 salmon and swaet, especially late in the season ; Sir Joseph 

 Paxton, rose shaded crimson, are all good and free-flowering. 

 They require a sheltered situation, liberal treatment, and close 

 pruning. Louise Margottin, pale rose or blush, is one of the 

 most hardy. 



China Boses. — These make good beds, especially Aubert, red ; 

 Ducher, white ; Fabvier, crimson ; Cramoisie Superieure, deep 

 crimson ; Louis Philippe, crimson ; and Mrs. Bosanquet, flesh. 

 They are best upon their own roots, and if well mulched will 

 come away strongly from the base if the shoots above ground 



