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JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ August 2, 1877. 



Radishes. — These are always in as great a demand as Lettuces. 

 Their cultivation is even more simple, at least they do not 

 take np so much ground or labour. The soil for them must 

 be open and rich. Those sown during August may still have 

 a shaded position assigned them. After trying several ways of 

 sowing the seed I adhere striotly now to making drills about 

 1 inch deep and 12 inches wide, and leave about 6 inches 

 between each of these wide rows to step between for drawing 

 the Radishes. In a narrow border where they can be reached 

 from the walk this plan iB unnecessary, and the seed may be 

 sown broadcast. It should never be sown very thickly. The 

 plants are close enough when they come up 1 inch apart. They 

 do not all swell at one time. By pulling the largest out as 

 they are ready the smaller are given more room. After open- 

 ing the drills if the soil is dry water it well before sowing 

 the seed. Those sown in September and October must either 

 be placed in an exceptional sheltered position or in frames. 

 The latter are much to be preferred. Melons and Cucumbers 

 are often cleared out of frames then ; often neither the frames 

 nor the manure are wanted until the spring, and this is the 

 very place to grow Radishes. Pull the old Melon or Cacumber 

 plants up. Leave the soil ; add a barrowload or two of leaf 

 soil, of light dung, and mix it up with this old stuff. Give 

 the whole a good watering, and then cover the seed lightly. 

 Do not put on the sashes until it is necessary to do so. The 

 longer and the more they can be kept off the better, as their 

 being on when not actually needed only makes the plants 

 tender. A frame sown early in November will give supplies 

 until Christmas and the new year. Dry soil or poor soil causes 

 Radishes to run to seed quickly at all times, and before doing 

 this they are hot and poor in flavour. Turnip Radishes swell 

 best in the short days ; and then sow Red Turnip and China 

 Rose. 



Mustard and Cress. — These are simply grown. They may 

 be sown in any corner of the garden, either in the sun or shade. 

 In August and September we sow a few short rows every ten 

 days on a little border in light rich soil. It is watered imme- 

 diately it is sown, and in sunny weather a mat is laid over it 

 for two days after sowing. In October and throughout the 

 winter we never sow out of doors nor in a frame either. Half 

 a dozen boxes 2 feet long and 1 foot wide and 3 inches deep 

 are what we use. Two of these are filled at the beginning of 

 every week. The seed is just spread on the surface of the soil, 

 watered, and placed in a house with a temperature of 50°. 

 The plants grow quickly there, and as soon as cut the box is 

 emptied, filled with fresh soil, sown, and put back again. This 

 is the cheapest way of growing Mustard and Cress in winter 

 that I have tried. — A Kitchen Gardener. 



ROSE MDLLE. MARIE FINGER. 



I agree with Mr. Beachey that there is a distinct difference 

 even in colour between Mdlle. Marie Finger and Mdlle. Eugenie 

 Verdier. I have repeatedly seen them exhibited in the same 

 stands when " distinct varieties" have been specified, and I 

 have never known them to have been disqualified. As I could 

 not speak of them except as growing in light soil, where there 

 is a clear difference in colour, I wrote to a great grower of 

 Roses on heavy soil, one who has grown as many prize Roses 

 as probably any other rosarian, and his reply is as follows: — 



" Mdlle. Marie Finger is two shades darknr ; the wood is 

 also darker and has more spines than Mdlle. Eugenie Verdier, 

 particularly at the base of the flower. They are distinct. 



"With reference to Maurice Bernardin, Exposition de Brie, 

 and Ferdinand de LessepB, although somewhat alike they differ 

 in their respective time of flowering. This year Exposition 

 de Brie flowered first. Ferdinand de Lesseps is the brightest, 

 and Maurice Bernardin is the darkest of the three. Though 

 very valuable in a large collection they are not all required in 

 a small one." 



This will give "Wyld Savage" a portion of (he information 

 at least that he requested from " A Herefordshire Incumbent." 

 — A Civilised Native. 



other part of the Rose tree. In a Cucumber house provided 

 with iron and zinc rods the Cucumbers died away wherever 

 they touched rods of zinc or iron ; so I had the zinc taken 

 away and had some American deal sawed up in strips and 

 nailed to the rafters, and the crop has never failed since. 



Mr. Hinton is quite right in saying that Rose Abel Grand 

 does well on its own roots. It has with me ; and I will add 

 thatMarechal Niel, DevonienBis, and Lamarque do better with 

 me on their own roots than when budded on other stocks. — 

 W. G., Gardener, Lynwood, Hants. 



ZINC LABELS. 

 " A Tyro, Co. Down," wishes to know if anyone has observed 

 that the shoots on which zino labels are tied die. I have for 

 a number of years observed this effect, and the cause is that 

 the shoot that has the zinc bound round it is 5° colder in 

 frosty weather than the other part of the RoBe tree ; likewise 

 in summer weather the shoot is from 5° to 7° hotter than the 



GALLOWAY ROSE SHOW.— July 17th. 



There is a class of teachers in the present day who run down 

 anything like enthusiasm. Politics, religion, the affairs of every- 

 day life, must all be regulated by the rule of thumb. Cold and 

 deliberate reasoning is to enter into everything, and nothing 

 of sentiment or poetry to be dreamt of. But what a dull 

 world it would be without sentiment ! How slowly we should 

 move without enthusiasm ! and how much does every success- 

 ful undertaking owe to the enthusiastic rider of a hobby. 

 Here in the far south-west of Scotland — in a country beautiful 

 in its own style of beauty, but to all appearance the most un- 

 suited for tbe Rose — ia a flourishing Society, so flourishing that 

 it attracts by its schedule some of our largest English growers, 

 and so well supported that its balance-sheet shows no deficit; 

 and I think everyone who exhibits or knowB anything about it 

 will say that not merely the starting of the Society, but its 

 maintenance throughout, is due to the hearty enthusiasm of the 

 Rev. G. B. W. Mackenzie of All Saints, Newton Stewart. And 

 again, although under trying circumstances he has to record a 

 success — the season , so backward and so unpropitious everywhere, 

 has been especially so for Scotland — and it showed no little zeal 

 and success in Rose culture that at the very time that the 

 southern growers were meeting at the Aquarium, those in the 

 far north could come together in friendly rivalry at Newton 

 Stewart. 



The Show was held, as last year, in the Victoria Hall, a very 

 suitable room with one exception, that the roof lights threw the 

 sun down too much on one table, a defect that might be remedied 

 by tacking some light material over them. The tables were 

 arranged lengthways and were well filled. The chief attraction 

 was no doubt the two stands exhibited by Mr. Cant of Col- 

 chester and Mr. George Paul of Cheshunt, who took first and 

 second prizes in the order named, the third prize going to 

 Messrs. Dickson & Co. of Newtownards, Co. Down, Ireland; 

 while in twelve Teas the order was reversed, Mr. Paul taking first 

 and Mr. Cant second, Messrs. Dickson being still third. It will 

 be needless to particularise the blooms in these stnnda, many 

 of the old varieties, such as General Jacqueminot, Charles Le- 

 febvre, Comtesae d'Oxford, Dake of Edinburgh, Exposition de 

 Brie, Mdlle. Eugenie Verdier, John Hopper, Jules Margotlin, 

 La France, Marie Baumann, Francois Michelon, &c, being 

 shown, together with some of the newer sorts — Marguerite 

 de Braasac, an improved Charles Lefebvre ; Madame Prosper 

 Langier, Mdlle. Marie Finger, Duke of Connaught (shown 

 very fine by Messrs. Dicksou), Prince Arthur (Mr. Cant's very 

 fine seedling), Reynolds Hole, Jean Liabaud, very dark ; Rev. 

 J. B. M. Camm, Royal Standard, Emily Laxton, very fine; and 

 Thomas Mills, which seema excellently suited for this locality. 

 Whilst amongst Teas lovely blooms of Comtesse de Nadaillac, 

 Homere, La Boule d'Or, Marfichal Niel, Monaieur Furtado, 

 Souvenir de Paul Neron, Cheshunt Hybrid, and others were ex- 

 hibited in fine condition. 



The amateurs' claases bore unmistakeable proof of the back- 

 wardness of tbe season and the inclemency of the few days 

 previous; but pome of tbe stands were very creditable, espe- 

 cially those of Mr. Lewin, Mr. McMorren, and Mr. McKt-nzie. 

 There was one class, however, to which exception must be taken, 

 that of Roses in pots. We are accustomed to see these, except 

 in very few cases, very indifferently done by amateurs, even JB- 

 what may be called their proper season ; it was hardly tn be ex- 

 pected, then, that in the third week in July they would be very 

 creditable, but it seemed to me a great waste of money to 

 bestow a prize of £5 on six plants, not one of which had a really 

 exhibition Rose on it, a remark whioh applies to the other two 

 exhibits as well ; and I would suggest that for the future this 

 class be altogether withdrawn, or else that a prize one-fifth in 

 value be given to it, and the balance added to the prizes for cut 

 Roses. One very interesting feature of the Show was the faot 

 of cottagers competing for prizeB in cut RoBes. There can be 

 no doubt that the success of the Society has encouraged several 

 in the neighbourhood to attempt their growth, and a more 

 healthy sign of good results cannot be recorded. After the 

 Show a goodly number of exhibitors and friends (forty) met to- 

 gether at dinner, under the presidency of Sir Herbert Maxwell, 

 Bart., of Monreith, a well-known scientific botanist and a great 

 lover of herbaceous plants, some cut blooms of whioh he ex- 

 hibited at the Show, and all passed off in the moBt excellent 



