224 



JOUKNAfc OP HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. [ September 13, 1877. 



wonderfully well developed, and good in colour and marking-. 

 Pen 87 and 88 were a close run, the latter the best marked we 

 ever Eaw. Saniburghs. — Gold-pencils, first a good forward pen ; 

 the second had the best pullet, but cock not forward. Pen 93 

 (Pickles) nice but too young. Silver-pencilled. — First a nice 

 well-grown pair; second not that exhibitor's best, but pretty 

 good. Gold-spangles. — The first far a-head and good through- 

 out; the second also a nice pair. Silver-spangles. — First very 

 good in all points; second a fair peD, but some others too 

 •freely manipulated, else their position would have been higher. 

 Houdans were the classes of the Show, and left us at full liberty 

 to insist upon the correct type of comb without detriment 

 to other points. In cockerels there were ten, all good in 

 most points. The winners perfect in comb and crest. The 

 second a little raw, bat will make an enormous bird. Pallets 

 eighteen, and a rare lot; Bhape, size, and comb of the highest 

 merit, and nearly all noticed, the prizes in both classes going to 

 Uttoxeter. drives in pairs were good; the pullets superior to 

 the cocks. Leghorns had a class, and these were a smart lot; 

 first Whites (neat in all points) and second Brown. Turkey s t 

 Geese, and Ducks mustered well, and the exhibits were unusu- 

 ally-fine. Extra class. — First Golden Polands, second Black 

 Hambarghs, a fair pen of Black Red Bautams being awarded an 

 extra third. Strange to say no provision was made for Banta/ms t 

 but we understand this will be remedied another year. 



POULTRY.— Gmib.— Black-breasted and other Beds.-C6ckerels.-~-l, Duke of 

 Sutherland. 2, H. Beldon. Pullets— \, K. Johnson. 2, W. E. Oakeley. vhc, 

 H. Beldon, G. F. Ward. Any other variety.— Chickens.— 1. W. E Oakeley. 2 

 and vhc, Duke of Sutherland. Spanish —Chickens — 1 and 2, J. Powell, vhc, 

 J. Walker. Dorkings. — Coloured, except Sitver-Grey. — Chickens. — 1, J. 

 Walker. 2, W. H. Crewe. Silver-Grey or White —Chickens.— I, R. Johnson. 

 2, 0. E. Cresswell. vhc, Hon. Mrs. Colville. Cochin- China.— Cinnamon or 

 Buff. — Chickens. — 1, C. Sidgwiek. 2, H. TomLmson. vhc, Mrs. Allsopp. 

 Brown, Partridge-feathered, or other varieties. — Chickens —1, J. Wood. 2, 0. 

 Sidgwiek. Slack.— Chickens.— 1, H. J. Storer. 2. G- C. Levett. 3, E. Kendrick, 

 jun. Erahua Pootra. — Dark.— Cockerels.— \, H. Lingwood. 2, E. Pritchard. 

 Pullets.— i, F. Bennet. 2, Horace Lingwood. vhc, S W. Thomas, E C. Peake. 

 Light.- Cockerels— I.J.Mitchell. 2, R. P. Percival. Pullets.— 1, A. Bigg. 2, F. 

 Bennett, vhc, W. Thorn, H. Lingwond, G. 8. C. Breeze. Hamburghs. — 

 Golden-pencilled. — Chickens.— 1, H. Beldon. 2, Duke of Sutherland. Silver- 

 pencilled.— Chickens.— 1, Duke of Sutherland. 2. H. Pickles, vhc, H. Beldon, 

 Dr. E. Snell. Golden-spangled.— Chickens.— 1, Duke of Sutherland. 2. J. Jack- 

 son. Silver-spangled. — Chickens.— -1, H. Beldon. 2 and vhc, Duke of Suther- 

 land. Hofdans.— Cockerels —1, R. B Wood. 2, I. Ward, vhc, S. W. Thomas, 

 I. Ward. Pullets.— 1, R. B. Wood. 2, 1. Ward, vhc, R. B Wood, J. E. Clayton. 

 Crevi£-C(eurs.— Chickens.— 1, W. F. Upsher. 2, R. B. Wood. vhc. I. Ward. 

 Leghorns.- Chickens — 1 and 2, A. Kitchen. 3, 3. Heastie. vhc, J. K. & R. R. 

 Fowler. W. Kellett. Turkeys.— 1, F. E. Richardson. 2, W. Wykes. Geese.— 

 1, J. Walker. 2, Dr. E. Snell. vhc, W. H. Crewe Duces— White Aylesbury.— 

 1, J. Walker. 2, Dr. E. Snell. vhc, 3. Walker, J. K. & R. R. Fowler. Mouen.— 

 1, Dr. *•'. Snell. 2, J. Walker, vhc. E. Kendrick, jun., W. Meanley, Duke of 

 Sutherland, J. Gee. Any other variety. — 1 and vhc, 3. Walker 2, H. Yardley. 

 Any other Variety. — Chickens. — 1, H. Beldon. 2, Dude of Sutherland. 3, 

 Howlett & Goodwin (Game Bantams), vhc, W. H. Crewe (Malays), K. Haw- 

 kins (Malays). Selling Class. —Dorkings, Cochins, or Brahmas. — l, H. 

 Yardley. 2, Duke of Sutherland. 8, J. Walker, vhc, R. Johnson, H. Beldon, 

 J. Gee. Except Dorkings, Cochins, or Brahmas. — 1, H. Beldon. 2, Duke of 

 Sutherland. 3, E. Kendrick, jun. 



Judge. — Mr. E. Hutton, Pudsey, Leeds. 



CARLISLE BEE AND HONEY SHOW. 



This was held in connection with the horticultural show on 

 the 6th, 7th, and Sth inst., when the following prizes were 

 awarded : — 



Largest and best Harvest of Super Honey, the produce of one Hive.— Equally 

 divided between M. Mitchell and G. Eastwood. Heaviest and best Single 

 Super, the produce of one Hive.—l, — Willis. 2, G. Eastwood. Best Super in 

 Wood, or Wood and Glass— 1, J. Barratt. 2, M. Mitchell. Best Super in Glass. 

 —Prize. M. Mitchell. Best Sample of Bun or Extracted Honey ,— l, T. Tennant. 

 2, W. Kennedy. 3, T Street. Best Sample of Wax.— Prize, R Steel. Best 

 Bar-frame Rive with Super.— 1, 3. Drinkali. 2. R. Steele. Cheapest Bar-frame 

 Rive suitable for Cottager, with floor.— 1, J. Drinkali. 2, R. Steele. Best Hioe 

 on the Storifying Principle — 1, R. Steele. 2, J. Drinkali. Best Straw Skep and 

 Super.— I, 3. Drinkali. 2, W. Pattinson. Best and Neatest Observatory or 

 Unicomb Hive stocked with Bees.—l, R. Steele. 2. J. Dnnkall. The most 

 beautiful Liguri an Bees, to be exhibited with their Queen in Glass hive. — Prize, 

 J. Drinkali. Best Bee-feeder— 2, J. Drinkali. Best method of quieting Bees 

 during manipulation.— % 3. Drinkali Best Honey-extractor.— I R. Sieele- 2, 

 J. Drinkali. Best Super for general use in an Apiary.— I, J. Drinkali. 2, R. 

 Steele. Best Bee Dress.— 2, J. Drinkali. Best Drone Traps.— 2, J. Drinkali. 

 Best Bee Traps.— Prize, J. Drinkali. 



BEE FOOD. 



A trial of many years has convinced me that no more ex- 

 cellent food for beea can be made than good wholesome Bngar 

 thoroughly dissolved in water without boiling. I find that half 

 a pint of hot water will dissolve 1 lb. of sugar in a few minuteB 

 after careful stirring. I generally prepare a canful at a time, 

 which holds 5 lbs. of sugar and 2 J lbs. of water. It is made and 

 ready for use in a few minutes, and is none the less wholesome 

 if given to the bees while still warm. 



I used always to boil the sugar, but found that there was no 

 certainty as to the consistency cf the syrup. Sometimes it was 

 too tbick, overboiled in fact, and at other times it was too thin. 

 Now it is always uniformly the same. I may add that I get a 

 very excellent moist sugar for 3d. per lb., perfectly clean and 

 wholesome. 



I have nearly done feeding my bees for the presant, but I 

 Ehall give them a pound or two more all round towards the end 



of October, so that food may be in the open cells when winter 

 comes. — B. & W. 



OUR LETTER BOX. 



The Caycga Dock (A. H. Z .).— The Cayuga is not sufficiently known and 

 kept to be one of those birds, like Bouens or Aylesburys, whose points and 

 descriptions are thoroughly known and admitted. Thev have no advantage 

 over these other breads to cause them to be snccesstul "rivals. Their colour 

 should be as dark as possible, it quite black bo much the better. There is 

 however, almost always a brown tinge on it, and this often shows on the' 

 wing. We have seen them without it, but it is immaterial. There should 

 be a white mark on the neck, almost a collar. The great point is weight as 

 they have no pretensions to be birds of plumage. The heaviest, therefore 

 will always be the best. 



Modltino Common Canaries (Canary).— The processes of moulting 

 Canaries varies much ; but as you ask the question how " common Canaries " 

 should be moulted, we would advise you to bring into requisition a spacious 

 fly-cage (one adapted for some half-score or score of Canaries) ; or if you have 

 a spare room fis therein some long perches, not to cross each other, and 

 throw in the stock of birds, which will do well on ordinary Canary diet and, 

 the floor strewed with grit sand, and supplied with a suitable spacious- 

 shallow vessel for the birds to bathe in. A seed-hopper to hold the food one 

 with three or four round holes for the birdB to feed from, is preferable to an, 

 open seed-trough wherein the birds get and soil much of the seed. Before 

 supplying the seed sieve it aud mis therewith a pinch of the flowers of 

 sulphur. Let the seed consist of canary, small hemp, millet, linseed, and 

 groats, and now and then a little scalded rape seed. To prevent the birds- 

 pecking each other during moult, draw a thickish cloth before the window 

 so that the room may be iu a state of semi-darkness. Occasionally a little- 

 maw seed, crushed plain biscuit, and a piece of suet may be given. With 

 this treatment your birds should thrive. 



Ehptv C03IB in Sopees (Rohesttm Wathen).— Supers filled and partially 

 filled with empty combs are valuable and should be carefully kept till next 

 year. Wrap them up in paper or cover tbeir mouths like preserve jars to 

 keep moths from the combs, and place them in a dry room or cupboard for 

 the winter. Your bees will take to them readily nest summer and give a good 

 account of them. 



Guinea Pigs and Eats {Subscriber).— Some years ago we had a number of 

 Babbits in a shed, and kept Guinea Pigs with them, not to deter rats, as fer- 

 tile time we had none. They came as they always do where there is food, 

 and when on short commons they killed and ate the Guinea Pigs. 



METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 



Cauden Square, London. 



Lat.ol°S2'40" N.; Long. 0° 8' 0" W. ; Altitude, 111 feet. 



Date. 



9 A.M. 



In the Day. 







oo* eS . 



Hygrome- 



a . 



°B- 



Shade Tem- 



Radiation 



a 





M's 



ter. 







perature. 



Temperature. 



(8 



Sept. 



5S?J 









In 



On 









Dry. ! Wet. 



So 





Max. 



Min. 



sun. 



grass. 







Inches 



deg. deg. 





deg. 



deg 



deg. 



deg. 





In. 



We. 5 



30.315 



53.3 , 48.0 



— 



56 



66.0 



40.2 



112.6 



35 6 







Th. 6 



3 .036 



55 3 5i.7 



w. 



55.9 



6S.6 



41.0 



119.5 



36.1 





Fri. 7 



29 8i5 



57.2 52.8 



N. 



56.4 



67.6 



46.3 



110.8 



43.6 





Sat. S 



29 970 



56 7 1 5J.2 



N. 



56.0 



65 8 



44.0 



114.2 



39.3 





Sun. 9 



29 985 



59.8 | 512 



N.E. 



56.2 



67.0 



49.8 



110.1 



45 4 





Mo. 10 



3 I. 1 2 I 



58.4 



56 2 



tj. 



57.0 



64.S 



49.6 



78.0 



46.2 





Tu. n 



29 996 



62.7 



59.4 



S.W. 



57.2 



73 3 



53.4 



100.0 



48.0 

 42.0 



0.110 



Means 



80.025 



57.6 



52.6 





564 



67.3 



46.3 



106.4 



0.110 



REMARKS. 

 5th. — Very bright morning and forenoon, less bright ia afternoon, hazy 



between 6 and 7 p.m., ; 6tarlit nigbt. 

 6th. — Brilliant morning and bright pleasant day, rather stormlike between 



5 and 6 p.m., bat fine though rather hazy afterwards. 

 7th. — Splendid morning and fitie day; rather cloudy and rainy-locking from 



4 to 6 p.m., but fine after. 

 Sth. — Very bright fine day throughout. 

 9th. — Fair but not bright in the morning ; beautiful day, aud a very bright 



night. 

 10th.— Slight rain in early morniDg; damp, dull, and sunless nearly all day, 



but rather less so between 5 and 7 p.m. 

 11th. — Fine forenoon, very dark from 3 to 4 p.m. ; very heavy rain for a short- 

 time after 3.30, lighter rain fell for about an hour ; fine afterwards. 

 A fine week, slightly cooler than the previous one, no rain until the last 

 day.— G. 3. Symons. 



COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— September 12. 

 The almost universal failure in fruit crops has caused our market to lo^k 

 very hare lately, Nuts and Apples alone reaching us in any quantity ; of the 

 former there bids fair to be the largest crop known for many years. For 

 Pears and Plume we are entirely depeudant upon foreign goods, prices beiug 

 exceptionally high. Pines are in fair demand, and will now realise gw>i 

 figures for some little time. Business quiet. 



Apples i sieve 2 6lo3 tj 



Apricots dozen 



Chestnuts bushel 



Currants i tieve 



Black i sieve 



Figs dozen 



Filberts lb. 1 3 



Cobs lb. 4 6 



Gooseberries .. J bushel 



Grapes, hothouie lb 1 6 ft 



'*" 1 



Lemons ¥"100 6 15 



Melons 



Nectarines ..., 



Oranges 



Peaches 



Pears, kitchen., 



dessert 



Pine Apples ... 



Plums , 



Pa-»pberries .. . 

 "Walnuts 



ditto 



each 1 



dozen 4 



V 10!) 30 



dozen S 



dozen 



dozen 2 



lb. 5 



i Bieve 10 



lb. 



bushel 5 



V* HO 



6to4 

 Js 



