December G, 1S77. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



413 



also lower by 5° thin many persons grow their Cattleyas. The 

 East Indian house is best kept at 65°. We sometimes have it 

 iall to 60° in cold nights, and this is better than driving the 

 fnrnace to keep it up to the highest figare. We have been 

 washing the wood and glass work of the houses to let in all the 

 light. This is a most important matter, as if the foliage is not 

 folly exposed to all the light possible in winter some of the 

 plant3 will not flower freely. We have also examined all the 

 leaves and pseudobulbs for scale, thrips, and other insect pests. 

 An invasion of a small species of snail has also caused us much 

 trouble. It eats the youug rootlets as fast as they are formed, 

 and very much weakens the plants from this cause. With the 

 aid of a bull's-eye lantern the snails can be found feeding at 

 night. — J. Douglas. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



%* All correspondence should be directed either to "The 

 Editors," or to " The Publisher." Letters addressed to 

 Mr. Johnson or Dr. Hogg often remain unopened unavoid- 

 ably. We request that no one will write privately to any 

 of our correspondents, as doing so subjects them to un- 

 justifiable trouble and expense. 



Correspondents should not mix up on the same sheet ques- 

 tions relating to Gardening and those on Poultry and Bee 

 subjects, and should never send more than two or three 

 questions at once. All articles intended for insertion should 

 be written on one side of the paper only. We cannot 

 reply to questions through the post. 



Bouyabdia Culture (C. J. F.). — "We cannot account for the reference and 

 omission. 



Name of Orchid (A. H. S.).— Cattleya Lodd:ge3ii var. Hanisonia?. 

 Early Potatoes (P. £.).— See the remarks of Mr. V7. Taylor in another 

 column. 



Scale on Apple-Tree Shoots {Capi. P.).— It is a spodea of coccus or 

 scale iusest. Brushing over the Bhoots with a thick mixture of soft soap, 

 sulphur, aad water is an effectual remedy. 



Clematises and their Propagation (Hortus).— See notes by Mr. Luck- 

 hurst on pa^e 434. 



Wintering Peach Trees— Pruning Tea Eoses in Pots (Puddle).— It 

 the district is a dry one the trees do not suffer if the pots are pluDged over 

 the rim in some light material. They could be kept in the greenhouse if you 

 merely have sufficient heat to keep the frost out, and probably that would be 

 the best advice to give. By no means place any of them in the cellar. Prune 

 the Koses now if you want them to flower early. It it is intended that they 

 should flower late, pruue in February. 



Trees for Peach and Orchard Houses (Cherry Pie). — The best for 

 Peach house are Hale's Early, Early York, Boyal George, Grosse Mignonne, 

 Walburton Admirable. Nectarines Lo r d Napier, Violet te Hutive, Pine Apple, 

 and Victoria. It is best to plant the orchard-house trees out, that is if you 

 grow only Peaches and Nectarine?. Pears and Plums do best in pots. We 

 advise you to try all the trees io pots to begin with. Cherries and Apricots 

 do not succeed with the others. They require a drier atmosphere and more 

 air, but you might try a few of each. The trees will be small to beyia with, 

 but we would not have more than about fifty of them, and our choice would 

 be — Peaches : One Bellegarde.ttvo Crawford's Early, one Dr. Hogg, two Early 

 York, three Hale's Early, three Grossa .Mignonne, three Boyal George, and. 

 one Walburton Admirable. Nectarines: Two Elruge, two Lord Napier, two 

 Stauwick Elruge, three Pine Apple, two Violette Hative, and three Victoria. 

 Pears: 1, Beurre d'Amanlis. on^ Beurre Bachelier, one Beurre Hardy, one 

 SeQiTcdel'Assomptiou, two Louise Bonne of Jersey, two Souvenir da Conges, 

 and two Williams' Bon Chretiea. Plums : One Jefferson, one Transparent 

 Gage, one C^e's Golden Drop, one Kirke's, one Greea Gage. Cherries: One 

 Black Tartarian, one Bigarreau Napoleon, one Early Kivers. Apricots: 

 Moorpe.rk and Peach. 



Thrips (G. Y.). — Fumigate with tobacco smoke, and dust the plants with 

 Scotch snuff. Bepeat the treatment until the insect ceases to appear. 



Watercress Culture (Miss E. H.). — We know of no work on the subject. 

 Directions for its culture in a border is in this Journal, No. 789 and No. odA. 



Best Six Violets and Twenty-four Large-flowered Chrysanthe- 

 MUME (ii. fi. A.).— Six Violets: Neapolitan, Bussian, Giant, London Blue, 

 Czar, and Victoria Kegina. Twenty-four Chrysanthemums : Mrs. Bundle, 

 White Globe, Beverley, Empress of India, George Gleuny, Mrs. Dixon, 

 Princess Tack, Cherub, Prince Alfred, Princess of Wales, Prince of Wa'esj 

 Eve, Lord Derby, Pink Perfection, Le Grand, .Nil Desperandum, John Salter, 

 Lady Hariinge, Her Majesty, Aurei Multiflora, Jardin des Plantes, Hero of 

 Stoke Newington, Venus, and White Venus. 



Treatment of Lilium lancifolium (Inquirer). — Pofc them now and 

 plunge the pots in your gardeu frame. They do not succeei well in ordinary 

 garden boil. If you could obtain some turfy peat or turfy loam ia which to 

 plant them they do well if plantsd-out in the open ground now; if you have 

 not this convenience turn them carefully out of the pots and plant in May. 



Manuring ( Sam bo).— Manure applied to Rose trees is apt to cause excessive 

 growth and few flowers. This effect is not produced on Carnations. Manure 

 is needed to both Buses and Carnations if the soil is poor. 



Cuttings of Evergreens (Glossop). — Nearly all evergreens may be 

 struck from cuttings, but many of them require to be inserted in sand under 

 hand-lights, especially Hollies and Enonymuses. Cuttings of Laurels, Yews, 

 Aucubus, Laurustinuscs, and Mahonias will strike, but not quickly, if inserted 

 in sandy soil in a shaded border in the autumn. Ynu mignt try them now, 

 selecting well-ripened short-]" oiated shoots about 6 inches long with a little 

 of last gear's wood at the base of each. Insert them firmly and rather closely 

 in rows a foot apart, and there let them remain for two years. The price of 

 the book you name is, we think, 3s. 6d. 



Totting Epacrises and Aphelexes (A Reader).— After the flowering 1 



sprays Jiave been removed and fresh growth has fairly commenced in the 

 spring, is the time for repotting these plants. Drain the pots well and pot 

 firmly. 



Celery {Wolverhampton). — Cole's Superb, there are red and white 

 varieties of it. 



Grapes not Swelling (Bay Leaf). — If the Vines planted three years 

 have made good growth and produced a fair crop of fruit this year, we do not 

 see that the fact of there beiDg a rain-water cistern beneath the border has 

 anything to do with the fruit not swelling. Three reasons may be given for 

 undersized berries — insufficient thinning, want of water, a BUdden and con- 

 tinuous reduction of temperature just as the fruit is commencing swelling. 

 As to manure water poured upon the border soaking into the cistern and 

 making its water foul, we can only advice you to pump ont the water and 

 thoroughly cover the interior of the cistern with Portland cement. If the 

 " manure water passed through the soil nearly as strong as when poured 

 on the border." it simply proves that the border was much too dry when the 

 liquid was applied, and that we suspect is the real cause of the Grapes not 

 swelling. 



Planting a Vinery (Inquirer). — Your selection of sorts is a good one, 

 but you have too many. A house 83 feet long will contain eleven Vines 

 planted 3 feet apart, each Vine having a single rod trained-up under the roof, 

 the entire area of which would thus be taken up, so that Vines in pots 

 beneath them would be always in shade. If, therefore, you have such Vines, 

 reduce the number planted-out to six, planting them 5 feet apart eo as to 

 admit light between them to the Vines in pots. Much better would it be to 

 have eleven permanent Vines, and to have none at all in pots except for the 

 first year, when you might train some fruiting canes between the permanent 

 rode, also on the back wall. 



Names of Fruits (B. A. H.).— No Apples have arrived. (C. E. S.). — 

 Passe Colmar. (Alfred Goodman). — 1, Hawthorndcn ; 2, Dumelow's Seed- 

 ling; 3, Golden Beiuette; 4, Blenheim Pippiu. 



Names of Plants {J. L.). — It is not a Maple, but EucDymus europrous. 

 (B.C.). — Specimens all Emashed. It would occupy a page to detail colour- 

 mixing. 



POULTEY, BEE, AND PIGEON CHRONICLE. 



BIRMINGHAM POULTRY SHOW. 



Mother Bibuinghau once again reminds us that Christmas 

 approaches, and it would indeed be " a gap in our great feast " 

 if we lost our entertainment at Bingley Hall. Last, year, iu con- 

 sequence of the decision of the Smithfield Club not to receive 

 cattle from the Midland Counties Snow, the Committee decided 

 to follow the Show a', the Agricultural Hall in lieu of preceding 

 it; but this did not improve tht> fortunes of the Show by either 

 an increase of visitors or exhibits, and this year the Manage- 

 ment have elected, and we think wisely, to return to their old 

 dates, and we trust the result will prove satisfactory. 



Brahmas, Dark. — The old Dark cock class we thought an im- 

 provement on the Palace. The cup bird was a grand specimen, 

 beautiful in colour, with a good head, pretty comb, and legs well 

 feathered but a little too long, and we fancied rather weak, as 

 he did not stand well. Second (Earns owner), fine-looking, not 

 so richly striped in the saddle as the first, and we thought a 

 little hocked; third coarse in comb; fourth a nice specimen. 

 Cockerels. — First a pretty bird of good colour and markings, 

 and neat in head; Becond deserving his position; fourth, the 

 Aquarium and Alexandra Palace winner, very much out of 

 condition and looked distressed from hard work. Hens. — "We 

 thought the position of the first and fourth should have been 

 transposed. The first was well shaped and prettily pencilled, 

 but had a rusty appearance; second better in colour; third 

 attractively pencilled, but for size and general points we pre- 

 ferred the fourth. The pullets disappointed us greatly. We 

 liked the second better than the first, tne latter being small and 

 not well pencilled to the throat. The second much resembled 

 the Aquarium winner. The third conspicuous for the same 

 defect as the first. The remainder a very average lot. Light 

 Cocks. — Cup bird rather slight in frame but good in colour with 

 the exception of tail; second stouter but not so pure in colour; 

 third a good bird that might have been higher. Cockerels. — 

 First (Mr. Haines), in good condition; second a fine specimen 

 but deficient in markings and white in tail ; fourth better in 

 colour than the third. Hens. — First a grand hen ; second also a 

 good bird, but we fancied we discovered a little of the American 

 in tne shape of her body; third and fourth in their proper 

 position. PulletB. — First a well-grown and prettily-marked 

 pallet; second a good bird; third, the Crystal Palace winner 

 we think, but fairly beaten at Birmingham. 



Dorkings are on the whole a good lot, though hardly equal to 

 the Crystal Palace Show. First in old Dark cocks is MrB. Ark- 

 wright with such a bird as has often before appeared here from 

 her yards ; he is fine all round and in splendid condition, his 

 comb a little over. Second is not a large bird, and ia very white 

 in tail and lobes ; third darker. In cockerels the cup bird is 

 good all round, not very striking but with good white feet; 

 second a well-shaped cockerel with good comb but scurfy legs ; 

 third a poor bird with crooked toes, in colour a curious mixture 

 of silver and brown; fourth moderately good, with white ear- 

 ljbes; fifth we liked though he has a crooked toe, his comb is 

 fine. Several birds which we thought nearly the best in the 

 class only received highly commendeds, or no notice, among 

 them 403 (Drewry), 404 (White), and 421 (Cresswell) a very fine 



