116 



JOUENAL OF HOETICULTUBE AND COTTAGE GABDENEB. 



[ August 3, 1872. 



forming a spacious verandah and portico, adorn the southern 

 front, where the main entrance is. The mansion stands on the 

 side of rising ground facing the south, ascending towards the 

 back, and descending to the lake in front. The crest of the 

 eminence is covered with old timber, whose spreading boughs 

 intermingle, forming a sufficient shelter from the north. The 

 spacious lawn, smooth and even, is studded with beautiful 

 trees, and intersected with a broad walk leading due south 

 from the main entrance to a part of the lake called the Water- 

 loo Harbour, where several boats lie moored. 



On the east side is the flower garden, laid out with a pro- 

 fusion of brilliant designs in lozenge-shaped, oval, triangular, 

 -square, and other tastefully-formed parterres of choice bedding 

 flowers. Here and there are beautiful specimens of sculpture 

 — the most conspicuous is a model of Venus ; and to the east 

 of this garden is an elaborate fountain surrounded with decagon 

 balustrade, surmounted at each angle by a beautiful vase filled 

 with Geraniums. A gently undulating walk, flanked on each 

 side by a row of stately Beech trees, whose bending boughs 

 meet together at the top, forming a continuous lofty verdant 

 arch, leads from the east side of this garden in a straight line 

 to the private chapel on the brow of the eminence, softly 

 nestled among the tall and spreading trees. To the west of 

 this, on the brow of the same e min ence, stand the carriage 

 sheds and stable. The centre building is surmounted by a 

 large wooden dome, which can be seen above the stately trees 

 from a great part of the grounds. Farther to the west on 

 a continuation of this eminence is the spacious riding school, 

 130 feet long by 50 feet wide, forming a convenient place of 

 shelter and entertainment to the many picnic parties which 

 "visit Pitfour, and which is always at their disposal. 



On the west side of the mansion is a lovely piece of pleasure 

 ground. Proceeding westward by a winding drive from the 

 house we round the west end of the lake, pass along its 

 south bank, and arrive at a pretty little temple constructed on 

 the model of the Temple of Theseus at Athens, and having 

 thirty-four granite columns. The interior is fitted-up as a 

 fresh-water bath. This overlooks the Temple Garden situated 

 in a natural grove opening to the south. The north side, con- 

 stituting the dam by which the lake is formed, is profusely 

 covered with a mass of Eohododendrons, equalling anything of 

 the kind in Scotland, and extending round the east side, which 

 rises abruptly and is crested by a clump of wood descending 

 to the south. These two sides have a very picturesque appear- 

 ance. The west side also rises abruptly, descending to the 

 south, and down it the waste water from the lake is carried in 

 a miniature precipitous descent. The water emerges from the 

 lake through a small tunnel, with its external opening sur- 

 rounded with Ehododendrons, which serve to conceal the 

 masonry. Over this opening, embosomed amid these shrubs, 

 in a reclining position, is a beautiful female figure in freestone. 

 The water falls a height of between 20 and 30 feet in eighteen 

 stages. Each stage is formed as a basin, the water lapsing 

 with a gentle murmur from basin to basin into a pond. This 

 bank is beautifully clothed with creeping plants, shrubs, and 

 ferees. — J. B. 



VIENNA UNIVEKSAL EXHIBITION, 1873. 

 At a Meeting held at Marlborough House on Thursday, the 

 18th July, 1872, Her Majesty's Commissioners for the Vienna 

 Exhibition, in accordance with the powers vested in them by 

 the Eoyal Commission, appointed — 



His Serene Highness Capt. Count Gleichen, E.N., 

 The Eight Hon. Hugh C. E. Childers, M.P., 

 Sir Anthony de Bothschild, Bart., 

 Sir Biehard Wallace, Bart., 



Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, Bart., M.P., President of the 

 Eoyal Agricultural Society of England, or the President 

 of the Eoyal Agricultural Society of England for the 

 time being, 

 Sir Francis Grant, President of the Eoyal Academy of Arts, 

 or the President of the Eoyal Academy of Arts for the 

 time being, 

 Thomas Hawksley, Esq., President of the Institution of Civil 

 Engineers, or the President of the Institution of Civil 

 Engineers for the time being, 

 to be Eoyal Commissioners in addition to, and together with 

 •them, the Commissioners appointed on the 29th April, 1872, for 

 "the purpose of promoting the success of the Universal Ex- 

 hibition to be held in Vienna in 1873. 



This Exhibition will take place in buildings specially erected 

 for the purpose in the Imperial Park called the Prater : it will 

 be opened on the 1st of May, 1873, and closed on the 31st of 

 October of the same year. 



The following is the classification adopted for the objects 

 exhibited, separating them into twenty-six groups : — 



Group 1, Mining, Quarrying, and Metallurgy. 



Group 2, Agriculture, Horticulture, and Forestry. 



Group 3, Chemical Industry. 



Group 4, Articles of Food as Products of Industry. 



Group 5, Textile Industry and Clothing. 



Group 6, Leather and Indiarubber Industry. 



Group 7, Metal Industry. 



Group 8, Wood Industry. 



Group 9, Stone, Earthenware, and Glass Industry. 



Group 10, Small Ware and Fancy Goods. 



Group 11, Paper Industry and Stationery. 



Group 12, Graphic Arts and Industrial Drawing. 



Group 13, Machinery and Means of Transport. 



Group 14, Philosophical Instruments, Surgical Instruments. 



Group 15, Musical Instruments. 



Group 16, The Art of War. — This group includes all objects 

 and contrivances belonging to the equipment of the army and 

 the relief of the sick and wounded. 



Group 17, The Navy. — This group comprehends everything 

 relating to the navigation on the sea, on lakes and rivers, ship- 

 building, the fitting-out of ships, the construction of harbours 

 and light-houses, life-boats, and salvage. 



Group IS, Civil Engineering, Public WorJcs, and Architecture. 

 — In this group will be exhibited the plans and models of 

 executed or projected works belonging to roads and railways, 

 aqueducts, irrigation, drainage, reservoirs, canal and river 

 embankments, private dwellings and cottages, and public build- 

 ings (houses of parliament, theatres, hospitals, bathing estab- 

 lishments, public wash-houses, &c), and also methods of light- 

 ing, ventilating, and warming. 



Group 19, The Private Dwelling-house, its inner arrangement 

 and decoration. 



Group 20, The Farmhouse, its arrangements, furniture, and 

 utensils. — In these two groups it is expected that the different 

 nations will exhibit their peculiar forms and actual conditions 

 of domestic life. 



Group 21, National Domestic Industry. — This group is in- 

 tended to make known the variety and abundance of valuable 

 designs and forms which the productions of national domestic 

 industry, such as ornaments, potteries, textures, &c, contain. 



Group 22, Representation of the Influence of Museums of 

 Fine Arts applied to Industry. — The object of this department 

 is to show the means by aid of which the modern museums of 

 fine arts applied to industry — viz., the South Kensington 

 Museum in London and the similar museums in Vienna, Berlin, 

 Moscow, &c, endeavour to improve the public taste and. diffuse 

 artistic education. 



Group 23, Art applied to Beligion. — This group will contain 

 all the products of industry and the works of fine arts which are 

 employed in public worship. 



Group 24, Objects of Fine Arts of the Past, exhibited by 

 Amateurs and Owners of Collections (Exposition des Amateurs). 

 — This group has as its aim to enable the visitor to see an 

 exhibition of treasures of private collections of works of fine 

 arts, which are usually accessible only to a limited few, thus 

 giving students and others engaged in artistic pursuits an 

 opportunity to gain new ideas. 



Group 25, Fine Arts of the Present Time. — This group will 

 contain works of fine arts produced since the International 

 Exhibition of London in 1862. 



Group 26, Education, Teaching, and Construction. — This 

 group will contain — 



(a) A representation of all objects and inventions which can 

 assist in the education of a child, and contribute to its physical, 

 intellectual, and moral development, from its birth to its 

 entrance to school ; 



(6) Educational and school matters, from the elementary 

 school upwards to the technical school and the university ; 



(c) The entire system of instruction and culture, so far as it 

 can be brought into view by products of literature, of the public 

 press, societies, public libraries, graphic and statistical records. 



Trials of Machtxery. — There will be competitive trials of 

 machinery, apparatus, processes and methods of work of different 

 dates, showing their successive improvements ; for example : 

 sowing machines, weaving machines, telegraphy, photography, 

 &c. An attempt will thus be made to give an epitome of the 

 history of inventions. In addition to this, an attempt will be 

 made to place side by side the productions of machines and 

 handwork, and to show how in some cases machines have 

 superseded handwork, while in others they have aided and in- 

 creased its products. 



History of Industry. — By exhibiting also analogous products 

 of industry, manufactured at different epochs, with their relative 

 prices and with samples and models, it is intended to show the 

 growing power of different industries, their dependance on the 

 changes in taste, and their influence upon taste, as well as their 

 importance in national economy at different epochs, thus ex- 

 hibiting the history of industry. 



