August 22, 1872. ] 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



159 



In the Pigeon classes the en tries were small, hut some good 

 birds were shown. 



In Rabbits the competition was close ; and in Lop-eared bucks 

 the first was a very young fawn, ears 20 inches by 44, and the 

 second of the same colour, though much larger and older, 194 

 by 44. The does were larger and broader in ear than the bucks. 



Dorkings.— 1, W. Bearpark, Ainderby Steeple. 2. H. R. Farrar, Greenham" 

 merton Hall, he, MiBB Barclay, Upleatham Hall ; T. P. Carver, Langthorpe- 

 Boroughbridge : W. & F. Pickard, Thorner, c, H. S. Thompson, Kirkby Hall. 

 Cockerel anal Pullet— 1, H. S. Thompson. 2, T. P. Carver, he, Miss Barclay ; 

 T. P. Carver. 



Spanish— 1, PickeriDg & Duggleby, Driffield. 2, W. & F. Piokard. he, H. 

 Dale, Northallerton ; W. 4 F. Pickard. Cockerel and Pullet— 1 and !,W.iF. 

 Piokard. he, T. P. Carver. 



Game. — 1 and he, J. Watson, jun., Knaresboroueh. 2, W. Bearpark. Cockerel 

 and Pullet— 1, Miss Barclay. 2, J. Bell. Thornton-le-Moor, Northallerton. 

 he, J. Robshaw, Whixley ; T. Mason, Whixley. 



Cochin-China.— 1, T. S. Turner. Cockerel and Pullet .— 1. H. R. Farrar. 



Brahma-Pootra.— 1, T. S. Turner. 2, H. S. Thompson. Cockerel and Pullet. 

 —1 and he, T. P. Carver. 2, H. S. Thompson. 



Hambdrghs.— Golden-spangled.— 1 and 2, W. Bearpark. 



Hamburghs. — Golden-pencilled. — 1, W. Bearpark. 2, Pennington &, Kidson, 

 Thirsk. he, P. Gill, Boroughbridge. Cockerel and Pullet.— 1, MissE.M.Ellerby, 

 EaBingwold. 2, Pennington & Kidaon. 



Hamburghs. — Silver-spangled. — 1, Pickering & Duggleby. 2, W. Bearpark. 

 Cockerel and PulUt.—l, G. Huby, Newton-on-Ouse. 2, J. Robshaw. 



Hamburghs.— Silver-pencilled— 1, W. Bearpark. 2, Pickering & Duggleby. 

 Cockerel and Pullet.— 1, W. Crott, Killinghall. 2. J. Clayton. Thirsk. 



Poland.— 1, W. Bearpark. 2, T. S. Turner. Cockerel and Pullet— 1 and 2, T. 

 S. Turner. 



Bantams. — Game.— 1, T. P.Carver. 2, H. Dale, he, H.S.Thompson; J.Graves, 

 Knaresborough ; Pickering & Duggleby. 



Bantams. — Any other Variety. — 1, E. R. Turner, Boronghbridge. 2, F. Powell, 

 Knaresborough. he, Mrs. Croft. Aldborough Hall ; J. Watson, Knaresborough. 



Farmyard Cross.— 1, H. S. Thompson. 2, R. Potter. Whixley. he. Miss 

 Woodward, Minskip ; W. P. Garret, Low Dnnsforth. Cockerel and Pullet. — 

 1, T. P. Carver. 2, Miss Woodward. 



Ant other Variety. — 1, Miss Barclay. 2, W. Bearpark. lie, H. R. Farrar 

 (Houdans); J. Best, Boroughbridge (Creve-Cceur). 



Turkeys. — 1, J. Braithwaite, Otterington House. 2, I. Moorey, Mulwith, 

 Skelton, Ripon. Poults.— 1, Mrs. Mangles, Givendale. 2 and he, I. Moorey. 



Geese —1, Mrs. J. Smith, Humburton. 2, ,T. T. Renton, Ox Close, Ripon. 

 he, C. W. Clarke, Minskip. Goslings.— 1, Mrs. J. Smith. 2, J. T. Renlon. he, 

 I. Moorev. 



Ducks.— Aylesbury, — 1 and 2, T. P. Carver, he, H. S.Thompson. Ducklings. 

 — 1 and 2, H S. Thompson, he, H. R. Farrar ; Mrs. Taylor, Langthorpe House. 



Ducks.— Rouen,— \ and 2, Mrs. J. Daglish, Aldborough. Ducklings. — 1, Mrs. 

 J. Daglish. 2, W. Foggin, Ripon. Any other variety.— 1, G. Sadler. 



Guinea Fowls.— 1, J. T. Renton. 2. 1. Moorey. 



Selling Class.— 1 and 2, T. P. Carver, he, Mrs. Taylor; J. Watson, Knares- 

 borough : W. & F. Pickard (2); J. Clayton. 



Extra Stock.— 1, — Cook. 2, J. King, Boronghbridge (Peacock), he, G. Moisley, 

 Langthorpe (Parrot); — Moorey, Mulwith (Turkey and Guinea Fowls). 

 PIGEONS. 



Pouters.— 1 and 2, G. Sadler. 



Carriers.— 1 and 2, G. Sadler. 



Trumpeters.— 1 and 2, W. Croft, Killinghall. 



Jacobins.— 1. A. J. Sellers, Norton. Malton. 2, W. Croft. 



Fantails. — 1, W. Bearpark. 2, J. Watson, jun. 



Tumblers.— 1. G. Sadler. 2, E. Wrighton, Minskip. 



Nuns— 1 and 2, W. Croft, he, A. J. Sellers. 



Turbits —1, W. Croft. 2, A. J. Sellers, he. W. Croft ; W. Bearpark. 



Antwerps. — 1, G. Sadler. 2, T. Horsman, jun., Ripon. 



Owls (English).— 1, A. J. Sellers. 2, G. Sadler. 



Any other Variety. — 1, W. Bearpark. 2, A. J. Sellers (Swallows), he, W. 

 Croft. 



Selling Class-— 1, G. Sadler. 2, W. & F. Pickard. he, T. P. Carver; W. 

 Scott, Broom Close. 



Rabbits.— Buck.— I, W. Turner, Boroushbridge (Fawn). 2, W. B. Boden, 

 West Hartlepool, he. G. Umpleby; H. Cawood, Thome, Doncaster. Doe. — 

 1, — Rich, Helperby. 2, W. B. Boden. he, W. Bearpark. 



Judge. — Mr. E. Hutton, Pudsey. 



DISEASES OF CANABIES. 



[The following will give the information asked for by several 

 correspondents.] 



The mortality which waits on Canaries from the moment 

 they leave the shell, and even before they leave it, and which 

 follows them so closely through life, but specially during the 

 first few weeks of their existence, is one of the greatest causes 

 of anxiety to the breeder. Under the cheering and encouraging 

 influences of early spring, when animal and vegetable existence 

 alike seem to be rousing from the sleep of winter, and making 

 active preparation for the business of the year, when everything 

 is anxious for a fresh start in the race for Life, and the chills and 

 disappointments of bygone days are forgotten in hopeful antici- 

 pations of the future, it is not to he wondered at that the oft- 

 repeated occupation of castle-building and counting one's 

 chickens before they are hatched should be indulged in, despite 

 our experience of the fallacy of such a mode of procedure. 

 When the breeder retires to his sanctum sanctorum, and seated 

 on the orthodox chair — an inverted show cage — views his score 

 or more pairs of strong healthy birds, all busily engaged in 

 setting their houses in order, is it to be wondered at that he 

 casts an eye to his large empty flight cages, and pictures to him- 

 self the not-far-distant time when he may expect to see them 

 filled ? and as he watches the smoke from his post-prandial pipe 

 curling gracefully upwards, can he be blamed if he indulges in a 

 dream of something hazy and indistinct looming in the future, 

 assuming the shape of freshly-moulted young birds, making his 

 name famous, and rewarding him for months of patient care and 

 attention to his well-selected stock ? This is the view of matters 

 in March or April, but August sees the flight cages almost 

 empty, and disappointment written over everything. 



How to account for it is the question. His twenty hens have 



laid upon a moderate calculation upwards of three hundred 

 eggs. A reasonable per-centage have been empty, a few young 

 birds have died in the shell, but the remainder have been duly 

 ushered into existence fine, healthy, lusty little " raw gobbles," 

 who were never tired of Btretching their long necks and opening 

 wide their red mouths to beg for food. Of these a large propor- 

 tion never received a bite, but continued to beg most piteously 

 till too weak even to raise their little heads in a mute appeal to 

 their apparently unnatural mother. Perhaps paterfamilias, 

 when he occasionally found the hen off the nest, would give 

 them a mouthful on the sly, and it may be that the anxious 

 breeder himself went the round of his cages as often as oppor- 

 tunity permitted, doing what he could with a bit of stick and a 

 little moistened yolk of hard-boiled egg, screwing up his mouth, 

 and manufacturing most affectionate and enticing little squeaks 

 to induce some half-starved morsel of skin and bone to consent 

 to be fed. But it was only to put off the evil day. The end of 

 such neglected nests must come, and come it does. 



Another portion would go on famously for five or six days, 

 both parents being most assiduous in their attention, hut at the 

 end of that time nest after nest of young ones as fat as moles 

 would die from no neglect of their parents, but apparently 

 killed by kindness. From six days to a fortnight old no young 

 bird seemed free from the attack of some insidious enemy, and 

 only a very few ultimately found their way into the roomy 

 flight prepared with such careful hands in the early spring. 



Once there and able to shift for themselves surely all danger 

 is past ! But no, they still die, and anxious inquirers write to 

 know the reason why, and to ask is it possible to avert the fate 

 of these last, the small results of a season's breeding. I can 

 only say what I do myself. When I find a young bird mopes 

 and sits with his head under his wing, and his feathers turned 

 the wrong way, I blow the feathers from the breast. So long as 

 that remains plump and round I leave Nature to work out her 

 own cure; but if the breast bone begins to show a sharp edge, 

 and there is a falling away of flesh, I discharge the contents of 

 the bowels by giving two or three good drops of castor oil, which 

 operates quickly, and in the majority of instances the sick birds 

 recover. As » precautionary measure give as little soft food as 

 possible, but grind or crush some white seed, and make them 

 eat that or nothing. — W. A. Blakston. 



BEE SEASON NEAB DEEBY. 



I will' make a few extracts from my journal. Our apiary 

 faces south-south-east — a verandah with a glass roof and open 

 front well sheltered. The hives we use are flat-topped straw 

 ones, known as Payne's cottage •idves, with straw supers of 

 various sizes. 



No. 1, A swarm of June 10th, 1871. The first swarm issued 

 June 15th, 1872; the second swarm June 24th, 1872. I returned 

 it the same evening. I took a cap on August 7th ; weight 13J lbs. 



No. 2, A swarm of June 7th, 1872, adding a weaker swarm 

 June 15th, 1872. A cap taken August 7th; weight 16 lbs. 



No. 3, A swarm of May 24th, 1871. The first swarm issued 

 June 7th, 1872. The second swarm issued from it June 21st. 

 I returned it the same evening. A cap was taken July 3rd, 1872 ; 

 weight 13 lbs. A second cap was taken August 7th, 1872; 

 weight 11 lbs. 



No. 4, A swarm of June 2nd, 1869. First swarm issued from 

 it June 17th. A cap was taken August 7th, 1872 ; weight 16 lbs. 



No. 5, A swarm of June 19th, 1872. A glass was taken 

 August 6th, 1872 ; weight 3| lbs. 



No. 6, A swarm of June 2nd, 1871. The first swarm issued 

 June 15th, 1872. The second swarm issued June 27th, 1872. I 

 returned it the same evening. A cap was taken August 7th, 

 1872; 174 lbs. 



No. 7, A swarm of June 17th, 1872. A weak swarm wag 

 added the following night. A cap was taken August 6th, 1872 ; 

 weight 17| lbs. 



The store hives average 20 lbs. nett weight. 



I may add that it is contrary to our general practice to allow 

 the bees to swarm, but this season from some cause we have 

 been unable to prevent their doing so, although our hives are 

 well protected from the sun by loose-fitting circular wooden 

 boxes. — John Campbell, Gardener to C. E. Newton, Esq., 

 Hickleover Manor, near Derby. 



THE WOODBUEY HIVE: 



We purchased one in 1869, into which a swarm, weighing 

 i\ lbs., was hived on June 2nd, adding another swarm of 34 lbs. 

 weight on the 10th of the same month. We took away a comb of 

 4 lbs. weight on July 23rd. When weighed in September the hive 

 was 22 lbs. nett. 1870 — A swarm was added early in June, with 

 no more favourable results than in the previous year. 1871 — ■ 

 We added a swarm at the end of May, and the following day gave 

 the hive the glass box or super, which, by the second week in 

 July, was more than half filled. On examination a week latere 

 the bees had carried down the greater portion of the honey into 



