172 



At p. 653 Mr. Deane goes on to say | 



Ettingshausen examined some fossil plant remains found when excavating some railway cuttings* 



near Brisbane [Oxley. — J.H.M.], and submitted a preliminary report of them to the Imperial Academy of 



Sciences at Vienna on 13 h April, 1893 [see his 1895 paper referred to at p. 182 -J.H.M.]. The presence 



of many Tertiary forms is apparent and among them Myrica Quercus, Fagus, Cinnamomum, Ban ksin and 



ire found to be well represented. 



hi bis address of the following year (xxi. p. 833) Mr. Deane says that lie had 

 received a number of specimens from these Oxley beds. ' They seem to me as a whole 

 to be rather conspicuous for the scarcity of Eucalypts and Proteads as we know them, 

 a circumstance which, as 1 have already indicated, we need not be at all surprised at." 



Deane, 1 900. -Subsequently Air. Deane published two papers (Proc. Linn. 

 Soc. N.S.W., xxv. HlOO) entitled " Observations on the Tertiary Flora of Australia, 

 with special reference to Ettingshausen's Theory of the Tertiary Cosmopolitan Flora" 

 (xx. p. 4(>3: xxi. p. 581). 



He continues his former criticisms, and traverses the conclusions made by Unger, 



Ettingshausen and others, discounted as they may be by Zittel in his " Pala?ophy- 



tologie." He deprecates the statements of those who take the determinations of 



Ettingshausen and others for granted and speak of— 



••. . . in Eocem times forests of Eucalypts waved in England and that the vegetation was 

 'v of an Australian character while on the other hand in Australia during the Tertiary period forests 

 • • f oak and beech flourished. It will be my endeavour to show that it is unnecessary bo seek outside 

 Australia for the types of our fossil flora/' (p. 46 J.) 



He quotes (p. 470) Zittel's work as throwing doubt on a great many of the 



determinations of Ettingshausen and his school. 



It seems to be conceded, indeed that the existence of Eucalyptus which most of the specimens do 

 not absolutely prove, receives strong support from the ease of E. Geinil:! in the Cretaceous, as leaves, 

 flowers and fruit approximating to those of Eucalyptus ha\ e been produced, the fruits indeed separate, but 

 the leaves and flowers on the same stalk. Now, however, we have in Dr. Newberry's posthumous work 

 on the Amboy Clays (M ' U.S. Seal. Survey, vol. sxvi) a s!;atem nt that the author has discovered 



Heer's fruits < P f E. Geinitzi in great abundance, t ti.it he has no doubt whatever of their being identical with 

 Heer's specimens, and that he has proved them not to be those of any species of Eucalyptus at all. 

 inasmuch as they arc flattened, riot round as they OUght to be if of that genus, and that he has obtained 

 tin-in attached to a core of a cone evidently thai of a conifer (see p. l(i of the work referred to). Clearly 

 the BO-Callcd fruits have been improperly assumed to be associated with the leaves and lowers, and without 

 them the value of the evidence is almost nil. for the leaves and flowers might easily belong to something 

 else quite different , 



The matter nl these alleged E. Gemitzi fruit s will be discussed when I quote 

 Newberry's remarks al p. ill of his " Flora of the Amlmy clays"' in the next Part 

 (I.V) of the present work. I will then give a lew notes on Zittel's observations. 



At p. t7i Mr. Deane asks the question — 



If Eucalyptus flourished in England and Europe in the Cretaceous and Tertiary, and if the 

 lopolitan theory is trustworthy, throughout the world in the latter age, what possible conditions could 

 have cau tinction everywhere else bul in the Australian region?" 



Pari II oi Mi. Deane's paper (op. cii., 581; 1900) is entitled "On the Venation 

 nl Leaves and its value in the determination of botanical affinities." 



_ 



