132 



present to form a semi-solid portion floating m the oil, and this was separated and 

 purified from petroleum ether and absolute alcohol. It formed well-defined 

 crystals, with a marked odour of borneol and melted at 202-3 °C- The appearance, 

 odour, and melting point, together with its association, show this alcohol to be 

 borneol. 



Geraniol, which is a common constituent in the leaf oils of the Callitris, 

 is also most probabh' present in combination with acetic acid. This is indicated 

 by the fact that about half the total amount of esters was saponified in the cold 

 in three hours. 



Geranvl-acetate as well as bornyl-acetate may thus be considered to be 

 present in the leaf oil of C. glaiica, as well as in that of most species of Callitris. 

 Nineteen hours contact with alcoholic potash in the cold saponified less than two- 

 thirds of the total ester in the oil of C. glauca, while readily saponifying the total 

 ester in the oil of Callitris Tasmanica in two hours. 



Volatile Acids. — The aqueous solution separated from the saponified alcohols 

 was evaporated down, and distilled with sulphuric acid until all the volatile acids 

 had come over. This acid distillate was exactly neutralised with barium hydrate 

 solution, e\-aporated to dryness, the barium salt prepared in the usual way, and 

 dried at 110° C. On ignition with sulphuric acid 90-67 per cent, of barium 

 sulphate was obtained. As the theoretical amount for barium acetate should be 

 91-35 per cent, it is evident that a small amount of a volatile acid of higher 

 molecular weight was present. During the distillation and preparation of the 

 acids, a marked odour of butyric acid was detected, so that probably it is that acid 

 which is present with the acetic acid. The barium salts, therefore, contained 

 95-87 per cent, barium acetate, and 4-13 per cent, barium butyrate. The indica- 

 tions for butyric acid have also been obtained with the leaf oils of several of the 

 species, particularly with C. gracilis, where it is most probably present in com- 

 bination with terpineol. 



The oil of the general material from Narrandera, 25th April, 1907, was 

 rectified by steam distillation in the ordinary way; the greater portion of the oil 

 readily came over. When it distilled very slowly the receiver was charged, and the 

 distillation continued for a considerable time. A small quantity of a yellowish 

 oil was thus obtained. The bulk oil when dried was colourless, had a very 

 refreshing "Pine-needle-oil" odour, and was bright in appearance. The saponifi- 

 cation number was 39-13 equal to 13-7 per cent, of ester. The rotation rt„ = -f- 

 28-2°; the specific gravity, at \l° C, = 0-8682; the refractive index at 24° C. 

 = 1-4720. It was insoluble in ten volumes of 90 per cent, alcohol. It was soluble 

 in absolute alcohol in all proportions up to two volumes, when it becmea turbid 



The smaller portion of oil was somewhat viscous, and gave saponification 

 number 127-12, equal to 44-5 per cent, of ester by heating, and 38-81 percent. 



