266 



Systematically it comes nearest to C. cdlcanitu, R.Br., but differs from it 

 in its larger fruits and longer internodes, although in this latter character it differs 

 with one exception from all other Cal/itrls, and can be classified from this feature 

 alone. Like C. Macleayana the acicular leaves are often to be found at the base 

 of the branchlets. 



On a carpological classification it would be placed with C . gracilis, R.T.B., 

 these two having the fruit cones of equal dimensions, the latter occasionally being 

 tuberculate, but again in C. Miiel/cri the fruits might also be described, perhaps, 

 as an enlarged form of C. calcarata. 



III. LEAVES. 

 ^a) Economic (vide Chemistry). 



(b) Anatomy. 



(a) Pri)}iordiiiI leaves. — In Figure 181 is shown a cross section of a leaf 

 that this species appears to be more prone to produce than its congeners, 

 excepting C. Macleavana, and such can be found almost invariablv on every 

 individual tree. 



In cross-section they may be described — first, as roughly triangular in shape ; 

 and, secondly, with channels on two sides which generally form the transpiratory 

 surfaces. Epidermal cells are larger than the hypodermal — the usual order 

 of things obtaining in the decurrent leaf; the spongy mesophyll is unduly out of 

 proportion to the palisade layer, and carries in the centre an oil cavit\- and a 

 single bundle with its attendant transfusion tissue. 



(b) Decurrent leaves. — Thes? di\'ide themselves morphologically into two 

 kinds, i.e., those which sectionally may be described as dumb-bell shaped, and 

 those which sectionally are roughly triangular in outline. The former occur near 

 the ends of the branchlets, especially on what was known as C. Parlatorei, and, 

 therefore, in a measure represent, probabl}', the transition state between the 

 acicular and the decurrent forms. In Figure 182 is given a cross-section 

 through a branchlet showing the attachment of three of the former to the 

 central axis, and morphologically are unlike any other conifer. The three 

 knobs of the leaves are the assimilatory surfaces of the epidermal cells backed 

 by a double row of hypodermal cells. The transpiratory organs are on the 

 concave surfaces, which are followed b\' another small area of assimilatory 

 surface at the foot of the leaf near the adnate portion. The spongy mesophyll 

 consists of elongated cells joining the palisade parenchyma with oil cells not 

 shown in the picture, and below which is the leaf bnnfllr with a fair amount of 

 conjunctive tissue. Parenchymatous endodermal cells apjX'ar to be ipiitc absent. 



