70 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE ANT) COTTAGE GARDENER, 



[ July 26, 1864. 



"W. H. Bosanquet, the Secretary, who (said the rev. gentle- 

 man), deserved their heartiest applause for the interest and 

 trouble he had taken in the whole affair. 



The Eakl of Shaftesbt/by in reply said he hoped nest 

 year to come and see the clean and tidy rooms himself. 



Number of people -who entered their names as exhibitors 406 



Number of plants exhibited 795 



Number of exhibitors about " 



Number of prizes 10 of 10 



., 6 of 7 



„ , 17 of 5 



, 20 of 2 



3 of 1 



450 

 £ s. 



Total 56 



One person took four prizes. 



Number of prizetakers 48 



PEEVENTTJSTG WATEE BOILING OVEE 

 HEATING APPAEATUS. 



usr 



STERN 



Saving just seen the questions asked by "Obchido- 

 philtjs," and your admirable remarks on them, I beg to 

 suggest another mode of dealing with the difficulty of water 

 boiling over in heating apparatus, and that a very simple 

 one, as you will see by the enclosed sketch. 



It is accomplished by having a branch cast on the top of 

 the flow-pipe, which serves to collect the steam made in the 

 boiler, being higher than the piping immediately in connec- 

 tion with it, and then taking a small pipe, say one-inch bore, 

 from the branch, and letting it terminate with a bend over 

 the feed-cistern. Thus, any water which is sent over before 

 the steam is returned to the feed-cistern, and thence to the 

 boiler. 



Before I adopted the above plan I was always annoyed in 

 the same way as your correspondent complains of. Since 

 then I have never heard any complaint. The boiler is one 

 of Messrs. "Wood & Tomlinson's, a cast-iron tubular one, the 

 tubes being fixed longitudinally into the horseshoe ends, one 

 of which is shown in the sketch. — P. O. Whitehead. 



[We are much obliged, for you certainly have improved on 

 our open pipe by bringing it into the supply-cistern ; but if 

 that supply-cistern is large enough you will be troubled with 

 little water or steam from the air-pipe.] 



CHANGING THE SITE OF A KITCHEN 

 GAEDEN. 

 I am th inki ng of changing the position of my kitchen 

 garden, the present one being on the north side of the 

 house, and so surrounded by high hedges and trees that the 

 birds (jays and magpies in abundance), get at my Cherries 

 and other fruit, and also the Peas. Having been a garden 

 for the last twenty years, I think the ground must be ex- 

 hausted, for the crops are very poor in spite of being well 

 manured and the ground trenched in the winter. I propose 

 making the new garden in a grass field in front of the house 

 with south aspect, but am deterred rather by the west winds, 

 which blow very strong, and also by the want of water. A 

 hedge will remedy the first, but I do not know how the 

 other will be supplied. The question I wish to ask is, 

 Whether, after the garden is laid out, the grass should be 

 dug in two spits deep and laid at the bottom so as to rot, or 

 should be pared off and burnt, and then scattered over the 

 plots of ground previously dug up. What would be best for 

 a hedge, Privet or Laurel ? I wish it to grow up quick. I 

 shall leave the grass for paths, as I can keep them in order 

 by the mowing machine. The intended ground 

 slopes to the south, so that it will have a warm 

 aspect. I am afraid I shall miss the pond 

 which is in the old garden, but must manage 

 as well as I can. 



When I was first appointed to the living the 

 old garden was full of large Apple trees with 

 trunks as thick as my body. These I cut- 

 down, as they overshadowed the ground, but 

 still it is very unproductive, and that is my 

 reason for wishing to alter the situation. The 

 Asparagus-bed is very old. Could I move any 

 of the young shoots, or had I better buy fresh 

 plants for a new bed ? Should I begin to dig 

 the new garden now, or wait till the autumn ? 

 — Rectos, Kent. 



[We thoroughly sympathise with you in 

 your troubles. In addition to plenty of other 

 birds, we had the other day for the first time 

 a flight of jays, and hunger and a want of 

 moisture made them very impudent ; but they 

 got scared away by the report of the gun. 

 We do not think that the changing of the 

 garden from the north to the south side of the 

 house will save you from the attentions of the 

 birds. We have from curiosity watched black- 

 birds come and go regularly for a distance of 

 half a mile ,- and therefore, though the new 

 garden should not have the tree and other sur- 

 roundings as an inviting harbour and shelter 

 for them, we have no doubt that the birds will 

 soon look after your fruit. There will be no 

 security in the new garden more than in the 

 old except thorough netting, and we have never 

 been able to make netting secure enough to 

 prevent the birds getting a fair allowance. That we would 

 not grudge, but they invariably select the very best. 



We are rather surprised with your account of the want of 

 productiveness of the old garden. After removing the old 

 large fruit trees, trenching, and manuring, it ought to have 

 been very productive. The age of twenty years is nothing 

 for a garden. We know some gardens that have been 

 cropped for a period of three or four times' twenty years, and 

 now show anything but signs of wearing out. With proper 

 rotations, and even heavy and close cropping, we see no 

 reason why a garden should wear out, if treated as you say 

 yours has been. Trenching, however, may of itself help to 

 promote present barrenness if too much of the subsoil is 

 raised at a time. We have seen ground so trenched that 

 nothing would restore to productiveness but trenching it 

 back again. If the soil is overdone with manure of an 

 organic nature, a little lime would do much to bring its 

 latent powers into operation. 



We have every season felt so much the want of water, 

 that we would advise you seriously to consider all eventu- 

 alities before you remove the garden from the neighbourhood 

 of a good garden to a position where you will have no water 

 except what the rains supply, or what you can carry by 



