76 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. 



[ July 26, 1864. 



the other hand, pulling it out at the second j oint with a. sudden 

 jerk. Generally it will come out so clean and nice, that no 

 cutting across with a knife at a joint would equal it. The 

 cutting needs no more making, unless a little film should be 

 left remaining. Pinks may be more easily propagated the 

 same way ; and at this early season they will soon strike in 

 sandy soil under a hand-light; provided it is shaded during 

 the hottest part of the day, and a little air given at night. 

 Carnations strike better when there is a little bottom heat 

 below the light soil on which the hand-light rests. Early 

 Tansies may now be struck in a shady place, or the old plants 

 be divided, or seed collected from favourite kinds. Those in 

 full bloom would like plenty of water and rich mulching, and 

 then they will keep on through the autumn. Dahlias at all 

 forward will need tying, thinning of shoots and foliage, and 

 traps used for earwigs, &c. 



No weather could be better for hardening the shoots of 

 Pelargoniums that have finished blooming. If the weather 

 be very hot and dry it will be advisable to water the ground 

 on which the pots stand without watering the surface soil of 

 the pots. Plants blooming and those coming on in succes- 

 sion will want plenty of water. Make sure that the water 

 goes over the whole surface soil, instead of making a hole 

 close to the stem of the plant. Pine plants are thus injured 

 and destroyed by gangrene, mouldiness, &c. 



Such hardwooded plants as Heaths are best kept in this 

 weather under frames, with the sashes facing the north, and 

 air on not only at top but also beneath the bottom of the 

 frame all round. Epacrises may now have plenty of sun to 

 ripen the wood, as the flowering greatly depends on that. 

 All potting should now be rather moderate as respects shifts, 

 in order that the pots may be filled with roots before the end 

 of autumn. Large shifts should only be given at an early 

 part of the season when the whole summer is before them. 

 The same rule holds good even with stove plants. 



"When greenhouse plants are placed out of doors all those 

 with fine hair roots, and all that are at all tender should 

 have the pots protected from the fierceness of the sun, even 

 although the head of the plant should be fully exposed. 

 Such plants demand careful watering, or insects or death 

 will be the ultimate consequence. — E. W. 



COVENT GARDEN MARKET.— Jtjly 23. 



The market continues to be well supplied notwithstanding the dry weather 

 ■which prevails. Pines, Grapes, Peaches, and Nectarines, are both good in 

 quality and sufficient to meet the demand. Heavy consignments continue 

 to come in from abroad, and comprise, among other things- Apricots, and 

 Green Gage Plums. Good Jargonelle Pears are sent in from the Channel 

 Islands, and there are now also some of home growth. Raspberries will 

 soon be over, and Strawberries are getting scarce. Green Walnuts, for 

 pickling, are bringing from 6s. to 10s, per bushel. 



Apples... £ sieve 1 



Apricots doz. 1 



Cherries lb. 



Currants, Red.. .£ sieve 2 



Black do. 4 



Figs doz. 4 



Filberts <fc Nuts 100 lbs. 



Gooseberries . „4 sieve 2 



Grapes, Hamburghs lb. 2 



Muscats 6 



Lemons 100 4 



Melons each 2 



Artichokes each 



Asparagus bundle 



Beans Broad \ sieve 1 



Kidney £ sieve 2 



Beet, Red doz. 1 



Broccoli bundle 



BrusselsSprouts £ sieve 



Cabbage doz. 



Capsicums 100 



Carrots bunch 



Cauliflower doz. 2 



Celery bundle 1 



Cucumbers each 



pickling doz. 



Endive , score 1 



Fennel buneb 



Garlic and Shallots, lb. 



Gourds & Pumpks. each 



Herbs bunch 



Horseradish ... bundle 1 



a", s. 

 6 toO 

 3 



10 

 5 



s. d. 

 Mulberries ......quart to 



Nectarines „ doz. 



Oranges 100 10 



Peaches doz. 12 



15 



16 



Pears (kitchen). ..bush. 



dessert doz. 



Pine Apples lb. 



Plums £ sieve 



Quinces do. 



Raspberries lb. 



Strawberries ...punnet 



Walnuts bush. 14 



VEGETABLES. 



d. s. 

 4 to 

 







3 



3 











1 











4 



2 



1 







2 



















4 



Leeks bunch 



Lettuce score 



Mushrooms pottle 



Mu-itd. & Cress, punnet 



Onions t ... bunch 



picklmg quart 



Parsley £ sieve 



Parsnips doz. 



Peas quart 



„ bushel 



Potatoes sack 



New bushel 



Radishes doz. bunches 



Rhubarb bundle 



Savoys doz. 



Sea-kale basket 



Spinach sieve 



Tomatoes doz. 



Turnips , bunch 



Vegetable Mar row s doz. 



d. s. d 

 4to0 6 

 6 



12 

 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



*#* "We request that no one will write privately to the de- 

 partmental writers of the " Journal of Horticulture, 

 Cottage Gardener, and Country Gentleman." By so 

 doing they are subjected to unjustifiable trouble and 

 expense. All communications should therefore be ad- 

 dressed solely to The Editors of the Journal of Hcrrticul- 

 ture, $c, 171, Fleet Street, London, B.C. 



Grapes Shrivelling (J. D. J.).— Well they may on a sandy soil, and 

 the temperature often 105°. As the crop is so heavy give weak liquid 

 manure once a-wesk ; water abundantly ; mulch the surface with cocoi-nufc 

 fibre refuse an inch deep ; give air more freely, and leave the ventilators 

 open at night during this very hot weather. 



Leech-likle Grub on Pear Leaves (C. P.).— It is the "Slimy Grub" 

 in the gardener's vocabulary, and the grub of the Selandria aetniops, or 

 Pear Saw-fly of entomologists. Dusting with slaked lime destroys them, 



Grapes (H. F.).~ The three bunches of Black Prince Grape exhibited by 

 Mr. Hill, Keele Hall, Staffordshire, weighed 13 lbs. 10 ozs., and were not 

 "bunches" weighing 13 lbs., which is the rendering of your note. Great 

 credit is due to Mr. Hill, who, by his skill and perseverance, has succeeded 

 in accomplishing such extraordinary feats in Grape growing. If you will 

 refer to Vol. V., p. 234, you will find, in a notice of tne gardens at Keele 

 Hall by Mr. Fish, some valuable information relating to the means at Mr. 

 Hill's command; and when we add to these his well-known skill in Grape 

 culture, we arrive at the conclusion that such enormous bunches are pro- 

 duced by superior vineries and superior management. If you wish to 

 equal such you must provide the same means, and bring an equal amount of 

 skill and perseverance to bear on the cultivation of the Vines. 



Stopping Chrysanthemums {Dorset). — It is not safe to stop the large 

 flowering Chrysanthe-mums after July, and Pompones later than the first 

 week in August, and this will make the blooming late. 



Shallots and Onions Maggotted [U.S. C. ) .—They are suffering from 

 grubs, which eat into them and cause a mouldiness at the root. The moment 

 marks of their presence are observed the beds should be watered with 

 strong lime water made by placing half a bushel of quicklime in a hogs- 

 head and pouring water upon it, and adding half a bushel of eoot. Allow this 

 liquid to stand twenty-four hours, then water the beds with it. Soot water 

 is such a stimulating manure that it is advisable to water the crop of Onions 

 whenever dry weather occurs— that is, when the Onions are growing; and 

 if applied sufficiently early, or before the fly deposits eggs, it is a good pre- 

 ventive. 



Roses at Christmas (Ignorantia).—I£ the Roses that were forced early 

 are strong, and the wood well ripened, they will answer the purpose. They 

 should now be cut down to four eyes and plunged in coal ashes on the north 

 side of a wall ; but prior to this "they should have been potted in June, and 

 have beeu brought into a state of rest by withholding water. They will 

 require copious supplies of water and frequent syringings overhead whilst 

 on the northern aspect, where they may remain until the last week in Sep- 

 tember, when they should be placed in a cold frame or pit. By that time 

 they will have made new growth, and must be kept clear of insects and 

 have air daily, with protection on cold frosty nigbts. Early in November 

 remove them to a house with a night temperature of 45°, with a rise of 10" 

 to 15° by day with sun and abundance of air, increasing the temperature 

 so that it may be 50° by the beginning of December. These plants may 

 probably furnish blooms at Christmas if the precaution be taken to retard 

 tbera if too early, or forward them if too late by placing them in a higher 

 temperature. The most certain method of having Koses late in autumn up 

 to Christmas is to grow a selection of the best Hybrid Perpetuals, in pots 

 in a cold frame, and after they have bloomed in summer to cut them down 

 to four eyes, or, if young plants, they must not be allowed to bloom, but 

 have the blooms taken off, and be cut back to from four to sis. eyes by the 

 1st of August. If duly supplied with water, and the lights kept off until 

 October, they will, for the most part, be showing finely for bloom at that 

 time ; and the lights should be drawn down in mild weather, but replaced 

 in wet weather. In frosty nights a protection of mats will be necessary. 

 They will come into bloom late in October, and the latest being removed 

 to a greenhouse in November, when the bloom buds are about the size of a 

 marble, will flower in about six weeks. A temperature of 50° is necessary 

 to secure the expansion of the flowers. 



Book (J. Smith).— Mr. Mills " On the Pine Apple "gives the usual culture 

 in pots. Hamilton " On the Pine Apple " details his mode of culture by 

 planting out. 



Plem Trees Blighted Last Tear {Ada). — Having lost their leaves last 

 year they were unable to mane growth, so as to bear this year, but being 

 now vigorous they will be fruitful probably next year. Mulch over their 

 roots to keep moisture in the soil during this very dry weather. Send five 

 penny postage stamps with your direction, and order " Fruit Gardening for 

 the Many." It will go free by post, and contains full directions on the 

 subjects you name. 



Clover Seed {B. B. 7F.).— What you state does not alter our informa- 

 tion. Our quantities were taken from official returns. It is quite true a 

 small quantity of Clover seed comes from France and the United States, but 

 the quantity is not specified, but is included in the totals we printed. We 

 stated that Cambridgeshire is the county where the home-growth of Clover 

 seed chiefly prevails; and the other counties you name are all in the 

 area we characterised as being mild and with, a small rainfall. 



Green Gage Unfruitful [P. Q.).— Being on a wall having a north 

 aspect, and having no sun shining on it until 4 o'clock, is the cause of the 

 unfruitfulness. The wood does not ripen sufficiently to produce perfect 

 blossoms. The Maguum Bonum is a hardier variety. 



Blotched Rose Leaves (An Old Indian),— The brown blotches are 

 caused by want of moisture at the roots and the dry beat of the walL 

 Liberal syringings, a gallon of water to the roots of each tree every 

 evening, and mulching over the roots to keep the moisture from evaporat- 

 ing, will be your best treatment. Cut away the great sucker v.ithout 

 mercy. 



Weed on Lawn (S. J. C.).— It is Prunella vulgaris or Self-heal. It will 

 be injurious to your lawn, and we recommend you to employ a few women 

 with old knives to root it out. 



