November 22, 18«4. ] JOURNAL OF HOETICULTUKE AND COTTAGE GARDENEE. 



417 



Chrysanthemums, Cinerarias, and Primulas, will now re- 

 quire plenty of water, light, and air, and as the flowers of all 

 of them show, a little weak manure water will "be an advan- 

 tage. Some Azaleas well set with buds may be placed in the 

 iorcmg-pit, and Camellias now must never know drought. 

 Hardwooded plants should he kept separate from the soft- 

 wooded, and air given to them more carefully, taking care 

 that in the case of Croweas, Boronias, and Chorozemas, 

 though the house has plenty of sweet air, that the air in 

 cold, damp days does not strike on the plants at once. Mig- 

 nonette in pots, and especially if grown in the tree or the 

 pyramidal style, should now be kept free from damp in a 

 sweet atmosphere ranging from 43° to 50°. In this dull, 

 foggy weather care should be taken not to spill a drop of 

 water in a house, or use it where not wanted. Watering all 

 overhead in such circumstances is iust an act of barbarism. 

 — B. F. J 



COVERT GARDEN MARKET.— Novembeb 19.' 



Continental supplies, consisting of Apples, Pear?, Medlars, &C., are very 

 neavy, and home-grown fruit and vegetables are brought in abundance. 

 Apples and Pears consist of the same kinds as noticed last week; Newtown 

 pippins are of very superior quality. Grapes are plentiful and good ; of 

 -rmes there is a moderate supply, but sufficient for the demand; Peaches 

 are over ; Oranges from Gibraltar and Lisbon have come in, and prices rule 

 mwer. Owiug to the open weather, Brussels Sprouts, Savoys, Cabbages, 

 and Greens, of all kinds, are abundant. Of Potatoes the supply continues 

 very heavy. 



to 2 

 

 



A-PPles i gjeve 1 



Apneots doz. 



Cherries lb. o 



Chestnuts bush. U 20 



Currants, Red...$ sieve 



Black do. 



™ doz. 



Filberts & Nuts 100 lbs. 60 80 



., Cobs do. 70 80 



Gooseberries ...J sieve 



Grapes, Hamburghs lb. 1 6 5 



Muscats 3 7 



Lemons 100 5 10 



FRTJIT. 

 5. d 



Melons each 



Jlulberries .... punnet 



Nectarines „ doz. 



Oranges 100 



Peaches doz. 



Pears (kitchen). ..bush. 5 



dessert doz. 



Pine Apples lb. 



Plums ^ sieve 2 



Pomegranates each 



Quinces $ sieve 1 



Raspberries lb. 



s. d. s. d 

 1 6 to 4 











5 10 





 10 



3 



1 



6 

 3 

 



Walnuts bush. 14 20 



VEGETABLES. 



Artichokes each 



Asparagus bundle 



Beans Broad £ sieve 



Kidney 100 



Beet, Red.... „ doz. 



Broccoli bundle 



Brussels Spronts -| sieve 



Cabbage doz. 



Capsicums 100 



Carrots bunch 



Cauliflower doz. 



Celery .....bundle 



Cucumbers eacn 



pickling doz. 



Endive score 



Fennel bunch 



Garlic and Shallots, lb. 

 Herbs _ r bunch 



d. s. 



toO 







Horseradish ... bundle 



Leeks bunch 



Lettuce score 



Mushrooms pottle 



Mustd. & Cress, punnet 



Onions bushel 



pickling quart 



Parsley ...doz. bunches 



Parsnips doz. 



Peas quart 



Potatoes ...... ...bushel 



Radishes doz. bunches 



Savoys doz. 



Sea-kale basket 



Spinach , sieve 



Tomatoes £ sieve 



Turnips bunch 



VegetableMarrows doz. 



d. s. 



fito 5 

 2 

 4 

 6 2 





 2 

 1 



2 

 3 

 6 







4 6 



8 



6 



TRADE CATALOGUE RECEIVED. 

 W. Bull, King's Road, Chelsea, London.— Retail List ofNev\ 

 Beautiful, and Rare Plants. — 1S64-5. 



TO CORRESPONDENTS. 



*** We request that no one will -write privately to the de- 

 partmental writers of the " Journal of Horticulture, 

 Cottage G-ardener, and Country Gentleman. " By so 

 doing they are subjected to unjustifiable trouble and 

 expense. All co mm unications should therefore be ad- 

 dressed solely to The Editors of the Journal of Horticul- 

 ture, Sec, 171, Meet Street, London, KC. 



"We also request that correspondents will not mix up on the 

 same sheet questions relating to Gardening and those 

 on Poultry and Bee subjects, if they expect to get them 

 answered promptly and conveniently, but write them 

 on separate communications. Also never to send more 

 than two or three questions at once. 



N.B.— Many questions must remain unanswered until next 

 week. 

 Potatoes (R. E. K.).— If yon write to Captain W. W. Hornby, R.N., 



Knowsley Cottage, Prescot, we have no doubt that he would give you the 



information you require. 



Potting Ferns and Begonias (.4 Ten- months Sub$c7-iber).~The proper 

 time to repot these is the middle of March. Keep the Begonias drv dnring 

 the winter, and the Ferns rather dry at the root, but not so as to affect the 

 foliage. Our " Fern Manual" contains fall directions for the management 

 of all kinds of Ferns. 



Wood versus Iron Esf-alteks (IT. 2>. £.).— Iron either well painted or 

 galvanised is much preferable to wood. There is no fear of rust if only the 

 uprights and wires are kept properly painted. Espaliers are chiefly employed 

 for Apples and Pears. What tree is it vou wish to know the suitability of 

 for espaliers ? 



Wintering Begonias and Farfugiuh (B. Salterton).— Ton are doing 

 quite right to withhold water if you have no place to winter them in but a 

 greenhouse ; but if you have a house with a temperature of about 50°, and 

 you give sufficient water to keep the foliage fresh, but not half so much 

 in winter as in summer, your plants will flower most of the winter. On 

 the other hand, if in a greenhouse, keep drv, free from damp and drip, 

 and the plants will live with scarcely any water ; bnt a little may be given 

 naw and then to prevent their drying up. The Farfugiums should be kept 

 dry, and be allowed a season of perfect rest by plunging the pots to the 

 rim in* coal ashes in a cold frame, where they will not require any water 

 during the winter ; or they may be wintered in a cold greenhouse, plac- 

 ing them in the coolest part, and not giving any water, except a little to 

 prevent the soil becoming dust or very dry. 



Wintering Hollyhocks (Stidtus).— You may take np the roots and pot 

 them, plunging the pots to the rim in coal ashes, and keeping as near the glass 

 as possible ; but it is quite late enough to do this kind of work. A mat or 

 two placed on the lights in severe weather will be all the protection required. 

 Give air on all favourable occasions. Another way is to" draw a little earth 

 towards the crowns of the plants, and place litter around them closely, but 

 not so as to cover the young shoots. Tou may, however, strew a little dry 

 litter over them in frosty weather, removing it when the frost is gone. 



Destroying Mealy Bug {Birmingham Subscriber).— Tours is one of 

 those perplexing questions that no one can answer satisfactorily, because 

 it is not stated what plants are infested with the pest to be destroyed. If 

 plants, boil a pound of strong shag tobacco in a gallon of soft water for 

 an hour, and strain off the liquid. Dissolve a pound of gum arabicanda 

 pound of soft soap, also a pound of flowers of sulphur, the two first in warm 

 water, and then add the sulphur, so as to form a sort of paste. Put 

 this mixture in a tub containing ten gallons of water, heated to a tem- 

 perature of 110°, mixing the whole well. Keep stirred, so as not to 

 allow of the ingredients settling, and when it has cooled to 130° or 125° for 

 hard-leaved plants, as Pine Apples, and 120 3 for plants generally, dip the 

 plants in it for about a minute, taking care to wet all the axils of the leaves 

 and the stems. Let the plants stand until dry, and then repeat the opera- 

 tion. In forty-eight hours after the last dipping syringe with watei only at 

 a temperature of 120 a . 



Kadgang (C. t y O.).— It is usually spelt Cat-jang, and is the seed of the 

 Dolichos catiang. It is of the size and firmness of a small Kidney Bean. 

 Whether it would require decorticating before being pressed we cannot say, 

 but we should think not. The seeds are not unlike Kidney Beans and vary 

 in colour from black to pale brown. 



Vineries (A Novice).— If you try your experiment as to shading now you 

 will be ouite safe, if the shade of the second house rests only for a little on 

 the front'of the first house. No house shouldshada the other in the leastin 

 October or March. The higher you make your first house at back, and the 

 steeper, the more room you will have. For summer use the houses may be 

 flatter in the roof. For late Grapes to hang through the winter the roof 

 should be as steep as for an early house. For early and late work, the section, 

 which you gave of a proposed house will do admirably. As to the commercial 

 part of the matter, we would not like to take the responsibility of being an 

 authority. Presuming that you have Vines 2 feet apart, and each yields 

 "4 lbs.— no great weight certainly— still you must recollect that yon would 

 not get that for several years ; and then there is the capital sunk in the 

 houses, soil, draining, &c, besides what you would spend for fuel, and we 

 think the labour will be much more than you expect. 



Gesneras Shedding their Flowers (C. W. P.).— This is very prevalent 

 when they bloom late. We think it is the result of some check that is given 

 the plants, either lack of sufficient heat, or a deficiency of water ; but it is 

 not certain what occasions this premature falling of the corolla. With us 

 tfeey bloom splendidly one year, and indifferently, though equal in promise, 

 the next, and this under the same treatment and conditions of heat and r 

 moisture so far as we are able to determine. We are not, therefore, prepared 

 to assign a reason for that which troubles us as much as yourself. The 

 Journal of Horticulture, &c., may be had free by post from our office for 

 17s. -id- for twelve months. 



Sewage for Vine Border (. T. W. F.).— We would Dot use the contents 

 of the cesspools for mixing with the Vine-border. After being well exposed 

 to the air a little of it may be used for top-dressiag. You should have taken 

 off your bedding-plant cuttings earlier. Geraniums and Verbenas in that 

 state will be better both of top and bottom heat, say 55° to 60° of the former, 

 and 75° to 85° of the latter, until struck, and then harden-off. Calceolarias 

 will be better without any heat. If any is given let it be as much as will 

 afford a bottom heat of from 60° to 65°, but no top heat; but they will do 

 without any very well, only give them time. The " Vine Manual " is 2s. 6d,, 

 and for 2d. additional you can have it free by post from our office. 



Late Vinery (7. Stockport).— With your large squares of glass we do not 

 think that your proposed ventilation will be sufficient. Tour most econo- 

 mical plan would be, in addition to the openings at each end, and opening 

 the doors in the middle of the day, to have at least four ventilators at 

 the apex of the roof, each 20 by 15 inches, say one 8 feet from each end, 

 and the other two in the intervening space. These could slip in between, 

 the rafters and be pivot-hung, and only cost the frame which holds the 

 square. We should think, under the circumstances, if the clay is very 

 tenacious, that you will not overdrain. Does the water lie in the bed of 

 clay, with the bed of sand underneath? if so, you might as well eo to the 

 sand at once, and in that case we should think the drains 18 feet apart would 

 do. We have known such cases as yours, where the water would not remain 

 in a five-feet bed of clay if the bed of sand, gravel, or chalk, beneath was 

 at all hollow. 



Insects (Jf. Barbomme) .—The large fly you sent was not a wild bee, but one 

 of the drone-like flies, Helophilus Pratornm. The other yellow one is 

 Seatophaga merdaria. — W. 



