480 



JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND COTTAGE GARDENER. [ December 13, 1861. 



Boilers wtthovt Brickwork (S. T.).— Any of those boilers advertised 

 as suitable without setting in brick would answer your purpose, providing 

 you have a chimney from them. If the boiler is inside the house no heat 

 will be lost, but great care must he taken of the fire to prevent back 

 draughts, or you will have the fumes that the flue now gives you. The 

 advantage of a boiler, with or without hot-water pipes attached, is, that the 

 sides do not get so hot as an iron stove carelessly managed is apt to do. For 

 all email single greenhouses for amateurs we would prefer a brick stove to 

 an iron one, because the brick does not get so hot, and retains the heat longer 

 than the iron. 



Early Vinery (A. B. C).— Your proposed house will do admirably for 

 early forcing, or for keeping "Vines late ; but for the purpose you should 

 have three pipes instead of two for 5 our hot-air chamber, and you will 

 v, ant at least double the pipes you propose for top heat. 



Book (<?. L. D.).— "The Cottage Gardeners' Dictionary" defines the 

 names of the plants. It is published by Mr. H. Bohn, London. 



Tree Onion. — "A Nurseryman" wishes to be informed where he can 

 obtain this species ? He has applied without success to other nurser y men. 



Filbert and Cob Nbts (S. T.).— Most likely the variety advertised in 

 our columns is an improvement on former ones, but whether it be the one 

 you speak of or not, we are notable to say. In our columns next week, you 

 will see an article on the Filbert by one of our correspondents, which will 

 give the information you require. 



Rast-eerry Canes not Bearing (M. S.).—J! your situation be a very 

 dry one, this fruit will not do well with you, but if you can remove them to 

 a damper one, so much the better. After planting cover with rough dung, 

 and in future years dig only very shallow amongst them, as the roots lie 

 near the surface. Mulching in summer and supplying with liquid manure 

 will do much to insure good fruit even on dry ground. If the plants he 

 vigorous, you may leave four or five canes, provided the plants be wide 

 enough apart, but do not by any means crowd them. - Is your kind a good 

 one ? if not, try Prince of Wales, or Improved FastolrF. 



Removing Gooseberry, Currant, anb other Trees (Idem). — These 

 may be removed as early as you like, taking care in doing so not to tread 

 the ground into a sort of putty-like mass. The earlier such work is doae 

 after the leaf falls the better, in order that the roots may commence their 

 work in their new abode. 



Cinerarias not Floweeing in Large Fots (Idem). — It is quite as well 

 that your plants do not show flower-stems, as it is likely these would all 

 become abortive or nearly so, and produce no petals, as is generally the case 

 "with Cinerarias showing flower in the dark days. By-and-by your plants 

 will be all the finer from not throwing up flower-stems too soon. If you 

 can induce them to flower in October that will do, but not later. 



Pruning Peach Trees (/. IT.).— It is customary to shorten the shoots in 

 all cases where a good wood-bud can be had to cut back to. Usually such 

 buds are between two bloom-buds, but care must be taken to insure this, 

 and it is better to delay the pruning until these show themselves with 

 certainty. If there be plenty of wood well furnished with bloom-buds 

 on the tree, you may cut away the gross shoots entirely, unless one should 

 happen to be where it is wanted to furnish a naked part of the tree. It is, 

 however, sometimes necessary to leave shoots their full length when trees 

 are not furnished with wood-buds, and this is often the case in trees not 

 over-healthy, as there is generally one or more buds at the point which are 

 certain to grow. We must also caution you against leaving fruit on a 

 branch that has not a leading shoot, for although the blossom will set and 

 the fruit will advance to a considerable size on such shoots, it will not arrive 

 at maturity, and will, therefore, only exhaust the tree and cause disappoint- 

 ment. 



Grape for Late Vinery— Round and Long Beds Alternately 

 (if. M. IT.).— Black Alicante is suited for a late vinery, bnt is a bad setter. 

 You had better have Lady Downes'. We forget the exact size of the beds 

 at the Crystal Palace, bnt whatever the diameter of your circle may be, 

 the same width and double the diameter in length will look very well for 

 your Jong beds. Thns, if your circles are 8 or 10 feet in diameter, the long 

 teds should be 8 or 10 feet wide, and 16 or 20 feet in length. Of course, the 

 sweep of the circle will cause the ronnding-in of the ends of the long beds. 

 It does not matter whether the outside end of a long bed is ronnded or not, 

 but it would look as well done so, and to give-a reason for doing so, you might 

 place a small shrnb or Rose on the grass there. It is, however, a matter of 

 no moment. The white Geranium will not be so showy as the Feverfew 

 early in the season, but it will likely be better in the autumn. We think the 

 long beds will be best planted in lines with a border all round. But you 

 may change them every year, and cross and recross them in ever so many 

 plans, and all be beautiful if symmetrical and the colours bright and 

 distinct. 



Names op Frcits (Inquirer).— Vicar of Winkfield. (T. M. F.). — Ualville 

 Eouge Apple ; Tan Mons Leon le Clerc Pear. ( William Eilder).—\, Blen- 

 heim Pippin ; 2, Early Nonpareil ; 3, Bedfordshire Foundling; 4, Scarlet 

 Nonpareil. (George Curd). — 1, Fearn's Pippin: 2, Court of Wick; 3, Like 

 Celonel Vaughan's ; 5, Calville Blanche ; 7, Old Nonpareil ; 8, Franklin's 

 Golden Pippin ; 9, Golden Russet. (J. A., Nottingham). — It is one of the 

 wine Grapes, and probably never had any name known in this country. It 

 ia quite worthless. 



Names of Plants (C. S. iV.).— Barren frond of Adiantum capillus- 

 Yeneris, Common Maiden-hair. 



"Welsh, hunting pony, and then down on the other side. 

 Now, if the present fences of "A South Countryman" are 

 walls, he may nail stout strips of wood on his yard-side of 

 the wall firmly into it, letting them he 2 feet at the least 

 higher than the wall, and about 6 feet apart. To these let 

 him attach some fine three-inch galvanised wire-netting, and 

 if he do not rjut a connecting rail between his uprights, as so 

 many do for the sake of appearance, I do not think even his 

 Hamburghs will get over. With a connecting rail they will 

 be certain to make it the alighting spot. In addition to 

 this he may cut half of one wing, and if he is careful to do 

 this himself, cutting only the under wing, no person can 

 detect it, and it materially diminishes the power of flight. 

 If the fences are wooden the same plan may be adopted. A 

 hedge fence must depend on its goodness, but a foot width 

 of wire at the bottom, if the fowls can get through, and a 

 modification of the uprights and wire at the top ought to 

 succeed. In the case of hedge fences the wire must be 

 wider at the top; but "Wiltshire Rector's" advice to 

 another correspondent in the same Number will suit him. 

 '•' Try, try, try again," and from my own experience I feel 

 certain he will succeed. 



I have to thank several of your correspondents for kindly 

 notices of any communications, and I am very glad to see 

 from "Brahma Pootea's " account, that my history of Lord 

 Tredegar's Show is bearing fruit. 



I hardly know how to take myself in reverse — to wit, 

 " Z. A. B. T.," " '"T'is hard work to write the letters that 

 way," and, as Sam Slick would say, "don't seem to come 

 kinder natteral." Does he mean all he says ? or is he, as the 

 same author would say, only " a bamming of me?" Well, it 

 is more suited to my amour propre, bump very largely de- 

 veloped, that it should be the first; but I may tell him, 

 that " the idea of the judge giving an account of his awards " 

 is not mine, but I either read in your report of the Poultry 

 Club October Meeting, or dreamt that I did, to this effect, 

 that in cases where the judge appeared to have given 

 the prizes in opposition to the standard of excellence, he 

 would be requested to explain his reasons for so doing, and 

 I still think that from such exposition made public all of us 

 would learn something. 



I do not know whether " Z. A. B. T." fancied I was the 

 writer under other feathers of the said article, in defence of 

 the purity of my pets (Brahmas), signed " B.," if so, he will 

 shortly find out his mistake; at any rate I think he will 

 see at Birmingham, that although the correspondent might 

 have been buried with the Brahmas, his proposed tablet 

 erected and all, that somehow the Brahmas themselves 

 have survived the burial and have mustered more strongly 

 than ever, and that numbers will call them remarkably 

 handsome birds. — T. B. A. Z. 



POULTRY, BEE, and HOUSEHOLD CHRONICLE. 



PREVENTING THE RAIDS OF FOWLS- 

 BRAHMA POOTRAS. 



There are one or two plans by which " A South Country- 

 man " might, I fancy, still keep his special pets, Ham- 

 burghs. True, they are terrible fliers, but it must be 

 remembered that all fowls fly only when alarmed, and that 

 their method of " fencing " is to alight on the fence like a 



DARLINGTON EXHIBITION OF POULTRY 

 AND PIGEONS. 



This was the twelfth annual meeting held under the ma- 

 nagement of the Darlington Committee, and it is most 

 satisfactory to say a better Show need not take place, even 

 in the most favoured locality. The popularity of the meet- 

 ing just closed may be estimated from the fact that not 

 only were to be found in the catalogue the names of most of 

 the principal English breeders, but also the Show was greatly 

 improved by a very spirited competition from noted breeders 

 resident in Scotland, and even the Emerald Isle. The very 

 liberal list of prizes, therefore, offered at Darlington carries 

 conviction that, with a good amount of premiums, a first- 

 rate competition may invariably be insured. 



The arrangement of the pens was excellent, and the 

 most careful attention was devoted to the specimens whilst 

 publicly exhibited. The total number of pens shown was 

 somewhat over seven hundred, and the amount of inferior 

 specimens was remarkably few. 



In Spanish fowls Viscountess Holmesdale took precedence 

 in adults, and Mr. Brown, of Sheffield, in chickens, the cup 

 being secured by the adult birds, though the chickens ran 

 closely for this much-coveted honour. 



In Grey Dorkings the show was most meritorious, and, per- 

 haps, the rivalry was even greater in these classes than any 

 other throughout the Show. As may be generally supposed. 



