136 PROCEEDINGS MANCHESTER INSTITUTE 



ceding species have been found breeding on the White Moun- 

 tains in late winter, and they doubtless do so likewise at Umba- 

 gog and northward. The song, which I have sometimes heard, 

 in July, is a series of trills, alternately high and low. 



1(57. Acantliis linaria (I^inn.). Redpoll. 

 A winter visitant, of irregular abundance, from the north. 

 Probably but few winters pass when none of these birds visit 

 the state, and though rare in some seasons, in others they come 

 in great swarms, frequenting largely the birches on whose seeds 

 they feed. Specimens from these flocks show a considerable 

 range of variation in size and markings, but all which I have 

 seen from the state were referable to t5'pical Ihiaria rather than 

 to any of the several other species and subspecies. Doubtless 

 A. I. rostrata occurs at times along the coast, and indeed it has 

 been reported from Manchester (Proc. Manchester inst. arts 

 and sci., Vol. II, 1901, p. 80, 81) but the record is not properly 

 substantiated. 



Dates : November i to ApriL 



168. Astrag^alinus tristis (lyinn.). American Gold- 

 finch. 



A common permanent resident over most of the state save the 

 deeply wooded portions above 3,000 feet, and usually occurring 

 in flocks except for the short period in late summer when the 

 birds pair off to breed. Though commonest in the open valley 

 lands, they are also to be found on the forested mountain slopes, 

 and not infrequently they may be seen crossing the higher ranges, 

 or even passing by the summit of Mt. Washington itself, though 

 rarely, if ever, stopping at these heights. In winter they may 

 be found in small flocks at least as far north as the White 

 Mountain valleys, and I have seen small flocks at Jackson and 

 near Glen Ellis Falls in Pinkham Notch during the last days of 

 December after extremely cold weather and much snow. Mr. 

 C. J. Maynard ('72) states, however, that he did not find them 

 wintering about I^ake Umbagog. 



169. Si)iiius pinus ( Wils.). Pine Siskin. 



A. common permanent resident of the Canadian region, and 



