OP ARTS AND SCIENCES 9 



sections of forest in which these birds were formerlj^ seen no 

 longer possess them, or possess them in diminished numbers, 

 as in the case of the four last named. The second change men- 

 tioned has wrought to bring in the Meadowlark, the Yellow 

 Warbler, the Wilson's Warbler, and the Wood Thrush, the two 

 first named species b}' the extension of their breeding-ground 

 from the Connecticut valley into the valley of Israel's River ; 

 and the two last named b}'- extension southward and northward 

 respectively, both species having made choice of the territory 

 of Jefferson rather than that of lyancaster, and established them- 

 selves with good promise of continuance. Due also to the 

 second change mentioned above, other species have increased 

 during these 3^ears, such as the Prairie Horned Lark, the Red- 

 winged Blackbird, the Field Sparrow, and the House Wren ; 

 the lark, in the course of the general eastward movement of the 

 species from the west into Maine and New Brunswick, the 

 Redwing, as local conditions furnished more suitable haunts ; 

 the Field Sparrow, by a further advance from the south, and now 

 holding a recently acquired place among the summer residents ; 

 and the House Wren, as a nesting bird of stump}^ pasture land 

 in the valley bottom, where the woods have been cut and old 

 stumps remain. I suppose the Wren has long been a resident 

 of house-sheds in L,ancaster, but it has only begun to make 

 choice of such homes in Jefferson, a dozen pairs occupying 

 stumps to one making use of a shed. One species has wholly 

 disappeared from the region, the Pine Warbler, which at the 

 beginning of the period of observation had but a slight hold in 

 two groves of white pine, Pinus Strobus, which were then stand- 

 ing. With the destruction of these groves this warbler was 

 lost. One other species, the Migrant Shrike, is probably holding 

 its own, having entered the territory under consideration thirty 

 or more years ago and meanwhile increased its representation. 



Four species which are regular summer residents of Ivan- 

 caster have not as yd become nesting birds in Jefferson, namely, 

 the Cowbird, the Baltimore Oriole, the Bronzed Grackle, and 

 the Warbling Vireo, with probable exceptions in two of the 



