40 CHICHEN ITZA. 



the innumerable half-burnt stems, as had been the case when measuring colonnade 

 No. 19. 



The west end of No. 21 is partly enclosed by walls. There are four additional 

 columns on the north side which may mark some means of approach from the Temple 

 No. 18, but with this exception the whole of the north side of the colonnade is enclosed 

 by a wall buttressed on the outside. 



The colonnade is open on the south side and is approached at " a " by a stairway 

 with serpents'-head balustrades. The columns are arranged in five rows, and it is 

 curious to note that the cross rows do not run quite at right angles to the direction of 

 the colonnade. The first twelve columns of the front row are square and are covered 

 with sculptured ornament ; the remainder of the columns of this row are also 

 ornamented, but are round and measure 2 feet 2 inches in diameter (see Plates LXIV., b, 

 and LXV., a). 



The columns of the other four rows are without ornament, all are round, and each 

 measures 1 foot 7 inches in diameter. All the columns are about 7 feet in height ; 

 most of them are still erect, and many are crowned with a plain oblong capital, the 

 longest diameter of the capital lying across the colonnade. 



The two lines b, b mark the position of a passage through the foundation on which 

 the colonnade is raised. The walls are 4 feet high, above which is a vaulted roof 

 3 feet high, making the total height of the passage 7 feet. 



As far eastward as the dotted line c, c the colonnade is choked up with debris 

 (possibly the remains of a stone roof) almost to the capitals of the columns. 



Beyond the line c, c is a group of 25 columns (d) arranged at a slightly different 

 angle. As these columns are free from debris and clear almost to their bases they 

 probably carried a roof of wood and plaster. This group of columns is approached by 

 a stairway divided into three flights of steps with carved stonework between them. 



To the east of this group is an open space (e) with two small square stone pavements 

 near the centre. This is followed by another group of 25 columns (f) with some 

 roof-stones and a considerable amount of debris lying amongst them. 



To the north of the colonnade are two long high mounds {No. 22), on which the 

 remains of stone houses can be traced. 



At the east end of the colonnade the buildings are continued in a southerly direction. 

 An oblong terrace (No. 23) supports a mound (g) on which a long single-chambered 

 house had been built ; the interior of this house had been purposely filled up with 

 rubble, and on the top of it, at the south end, is a small chamber opening towards the 

 east, of which only slight traces now remain. On the terrace to the south of the 

 mound the remains of another small house (h), with three columns facing east, can 

 just be made out. There were probably two rows of 18 columns each running along 



