84 



corresponds with the new-red-sandstone of England; the same chain 

 of hills is composed of sandstone opposite Nagound, Lohargaon, Tigra, 

 and Gurreha. The Kymur range in some parts appears to be composed 

 of quartz-rock, varying to siliceous grit, in strata nearly vertical ; 

 but to the S.W. near Hirapur, the rock becomes more compact ; 

 and still further west, opposite Googni, it is intermixed with clay- 

 slate and schistose limestone. 



A broad valley covered with diluvium, intervenes between the Ky- 

 mur range of hills and Jabalpoor; and near that town another range is 

 situated, composed of granite containing flesh-coloured felspar, smoky 

 quartz, black mica and hornblende ; — and in which, also almost 

 every rock commonly associated with granite is to be found. 



Snow-white dolomite, traversed occasionally by chlorite schist, is 

 to be seen near the waterfall of Beragurh, intimately associated with 

 quartz j it is here capable of taking a fine polish, and scarcely effer- 

 vesces with acids j but a few miles further west, near Bograi, it is ex- 

 ceedingly friable, and effervesces freely : it moreover contains crystals 

 of Tremolite. 



Captain Franklin observes that a part of the southern barrier of the 

 valley of the Nermada river, like the northern barrier opposite Ten- 

 dukaira, is composed of trap-rocks, the contour of which, to the 

 extent of 80 miles, he has laid down on his map. The eastern 

 deposit of overlying rocks extends southwards as far as Chuparah, 

 and thence eastward towards Mandela, Omercuntuc, and Sohagpoor j 

 but whether it is united with the great central mass, he was unable 

 to ascertain. 



The Paper concludes with some inferences from the observations ; 

 and after stating the opinion of the late Dr. Voysey, that "the basis 

 of the whole peninsula of India is granite," (Asiatic Researches, Vol. 

 XV. page 123.) the author observes, — 1. That although granite is 

 very near the surface in many parts of the tract which fell under his 

 examination, yet there is here, as in other countries, a series of pri- 

 mary stratified rocks intervening between the granite and secondary 

 formations ; which series however, there is reason to conclude, is 

 thin and often wanting. 



2. The sandstone formation has a visible thickness of 420 feet at the 

 cataract of Bouti, and is considerably thicker no doubt near Chachye 

 and the Bandair hills, &c. The limestone formation on the contrary, 

 which in other countries sometimes forms mountain tracts, and occu- 

 pies extensive portions of the earth's surface, is in India a mere 

 plastering, as it were, over the red marie or sandstone ; and Captain 

 Franklin doubts whether it ever attains a thickness of 1 00 feet ; 50 

 feet being perhaps a fair average. He never met with it in any other 

 situation than on the summit of the second range of hills. 



3. The overlying trap-rocks are not only the most extensive, but, 

 considering them in a geological view, the most important formation 

 in this part of India. The thickness of this formation is variable : 

 it reposes on every rock indiscriminately, from granite upwards ; and 

 at Saugor it maybe seen on sandstone, where its inferior boundary is 



