123 



No. I, the grauwacke of Cumberland, is unquestionably the equi- 

 valent of the upper part of (a) the grauwacke-slate of Somerset, 

 Devon, and Cornwall. No. II, the green-slate of Cumberland, has 

 no representative of Cornwall ; but seems to be identical with part 

 of the Snowdonian formation of Wales (No. 3). No. Ill, the clay 

 slate : And IV, the crystalline schistose rocks, present analogies with 

 (c) the metalliferous killas of Cornwall. And on the whole, the 

 suite of the transition and primary rocks in Cumberland assists in 

 bringing together the phenomena of Wales and Cornwall; and in 

 connecting the several groups in the distant parts of England, in a 

 series of similar and probably contemporaneous formations. 



We have received from our foreign members Messrs. Oeynhausen 

 and Dechen, a Paper on Ben-Nevis, the loftiest summit in Scotland ; 

 to which I shall have occasion to refer, in connexion with a point 

 of theory, on which it throws important light. And I mention this 

 contribution with the greater pleasure, because I know that it is a 

 peculiar gratification to the Society to receive the Papers of foreign- 

 ers ■; and that if, in any instance, our aid, either as a Society or 

 individually, has contributed to promote the inquiries of travellers 

 in England, they may be assured that no return can be more grate- 

 ful to us, than the illustration of our own country by their publica- 

 tions, or the application of the knowledge which they have acquired 

 here, to elucidate the corresponding tracts of the Continent. 



The labours of the Geological Society of Cornwall are continued : 

 and a work, of which the first volume has been published, by Mr. 

 John Taylor, one of the principal miners in this country, promises 

 considerable additions to a department of knowledge comparatively 

 new to our scientific literature, but intimately connected with our 

 pursuits. This work is entitled " Records of Mining* ; " and it pro- 

 poses to embrace " reports and statements upon particular mines, 

 and the produce of metals, in various districts ; notices on Geological 

 facts relating to mining ; discoveries of ores and minerals, and de- 

 scriptions of existing processes connected with the treatment of ores, 

 and the operations of smelting, or other modes of reduction ; with 

 investigations of the methods of working now usually employed in 



line the formations are repeated, with the exception of No. I., which is pro- 

 bably buried under the unconformable old red-sandstone and mountain lime- 

 stone ; and on this northern side, notwithstanding its less extensive de- 

 velopement, there is a group of mountains, almost entirely composed of 

 diallage-rock (Euphotide) and other minerals, of which we have no trace on 

 the south. These occupy the base of the green-slate and porphyry series, 

 (No. 3.) of Wales ; and seem to be in the exact place of (b.) the serpentine 

 of the Lizard in Cornwall. 



There is on the west side of Cumberland, another formation of granite 

 and syenite, which underlies, traverses, and overlies the clay-slate, No. III., 

 and is considered as the great centre of elevation of the region. It never 

 overlies No. II. ; but is probably connected with syenitic dykes, and other 

 detached masses of crystalline rock, which do not belong to the ordinary 

 rocks of superposition. 



* "Records of Mining, edited by John Taylor, F.R.S., &c," 4to. with 

 plates. London j Murray, 1829. 



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