BULGARIAN BUTTERFLIES. 67 
for insects but we saw nothing but swarms of A. euphrosyne, a good 
many Iv. ligea and KH. euryale, and occasionally a very dark specimen 
of P. maera (1 may here remark that I am extremely puzzled to define 
P. maera and P. hiera, which I have taken in such variety that I often 
cannot be certain which is which). At last we reached the frontier 
gendarmerie post—a little wooden house, beautifully situated just below 
the tree level; then we ascended very steeply by a track very much like 
steep, old-fashioned, attic stairs, winding up and up, till we reached a 
beautiful open basin, surrounded by rocky mountains, overgrown with 
creeping pine and juniper. This basin was decidedly moist, if not 
actually bogey, and very good ground, but of course the clouds began to 
roll up and the mists to eather. Still we did our best, and got a good 
many A. pales, some fine red specimens of HH. oeme; EK. epiphron (very 
much tinged with red) some ? specimens having a definite pale patch 
running from the band of the forewings parallel to the costa, and 
shadine into the dark ground colour about the middle of the wing. 
Then I was fortunate enough to take an Hrebia which greatly puzzled 
both Mr. Elwes and me, and we almost hoped that it might prove to 
be a new species. It is, however, stated to be only a local variety 
(rhodopensis) of EH. gorgone, with which species the genitalia, as examined 
by Dr. Staudinger and Mr. Edwards, correspond exactly. 
I append a description of this butterfly, of which we managed to 
secure six specimens, all males, between July 11th and July 18th. The 
females were not, probably, then out, and should be looked for a week 
later. All our specimens were taken in the highest part of the Marica 
valley, and in the Airandere, which is a valley running parallel to it 
on the east, at an elevation of 6000ft. or more. Its flight does not 
resemble that of yorye, it is a more sluggish insect, and squarer in the 
wings ; nor does it haunt rocks as yorgone does—we took all our speci- 
mens amongst the juniper bushes that clothe the stony slopes, near 
streams or boggy hollows. 
Expanse 1:50in. Wings dark brown, with broad, sharply defined, rusty band, 
crossed by rays on forewings and hindwings, and a very faint rusty patch adjoin- 
ing the costa of forewing. Two apical eyes, large, white-pupilled, and conspicuous ; 
one of my specimens has a third, very minute one. There is also a small eye 
placed rather below the middle of the rusty band of forewing. In the band of the 
hindwing are several small white-pupilled eyes. Underside forewing entirely rust 
colour, with the band of the upperside repeated distinctly in a fainter shade. Eyes 
as above. Underside hindwings dark rusty brown, with two distinctly marked 
paler bands mottled with grey. Hyes of upper side repeated. 
July 12th was very grey, and rain threatened, but we resolved to 
stay where we were in hopes of more Erebias, and after getting well 
drenched, Mr. Elwes succeeded in catching one quite fresh, but alas! 
acripple. July 13th the weather was even worse, so we moved on, 
and crossing the pass at the head of the Marica by a very rough path, 
(where one of our baggage ponies tumbled down), got into Turkish 
territory, and rode for about four miles along high mountain pastures, 
with occasional snowbeds still lingering in the hollows, to the head of 
the Airandere. Here we recrossed into Bulgaria, and descending 
another very steep track we got down into another narrow granite 
valley parallel to that of the Marica, and exactly like it. It all looked 
good collecting ground, but the day was hopeless, it poured steadily, 
and we pitched our very damp tents by the frontier gendarmerie post, 
about three hours’ ride down the valley, and above the tree level. Next 
