NOTES ON ORTHOPTERA IN THE SIAMESE MALAY STATES. 95 
about the middle of July. 8S. cordula: common everywhere through- 
out July. S. actaea: later than the preceding species and much rarer. 
Epinephele lycaon: fairly common in the gorges ; females not before 
July 28th. Miss Fountaine also remarks that though she tramped the 
Dourbes for twelve hours on July 23rd she was unable to discover 
Erebia scipio, though two days earlier two specimens were secured by a 
local entomologist, who said it had become much scarcer than it used 
to be. 
Notes on Orthoptera in the Siamese Malay States. 
By N. ANNANDALE, B.A. 
(Concluded from p. 77.) 
Among the dry stubble of the rice-swamps in the Siamese States, 
a large green and yellow Acridiwm is common, passing in Jalor and 
Rhaman under the name of ‘ Pig Belalang.” At first I was puzzled 
by what appeared to be a huge pink grasshopper, which was always 
found in company with this species, and which was never seen except 
on the wing. In reality the two forms were one; the wings of the 
Acridiwn are shaded with pink at their base, and when they are in rapid 
motion this colour seems to suffuse itself over the whole body, so that it 
alone appears when the insect is flying. The small Humastacidae which are 
foundamong the “‘lalang”’ in Kelantan, are even more brilliantly coloured, 
some of them bearing no small likeness to wasps or scorpion-flies, with 
their contrasts of black and yellow, and their peculiarly shaped wings. 
Others, which are found leaping on the jungle floor, are hidden among 
the dead leaves by their mottled brown coloration. But one of the 
best concealed of all the Acridiodea is a Tettigid, that is common on 
logs of wood floating in the Kelantan river. Its immensely extended 
pronotum completely covers the wings when they are not in use, and, 
being coloured of adark green, speckled with black, exactly harmonises 
with the damp bark on the logs. This insect has three manners of 
escape when disturbed ; it may dive into the water, as it often does ; 
it may take to flight; or if the log is near the bank, it may leap 
ashore. It is not able to stay below the surface for so long a period 
as the cockroach found in the same position ; but its flight, though 
never prolonged, is very swift for that of an Orthopteron, somewhat 
resembling the flight of a large fly, and its saltatory powers have not 
been diminished by its curious manner of life. 
The small Locustodea that are found in the clearings call for no 
special comment from me. Their habits cannot be uninteresting, but 
they are not to be observed on such a hasty expedition as ours. The 
larger, jungle-haunting members of the family, though most of them 
are rare, are so conspicuous that they force themselves upon one’s 
notice. Once I remember coming across four females of one 
of the largest and most beautiful of the Malay Pseudophyllidae—a 
maenificent pale yellow-green form, nearly six inches in leneth, whose 
tegmina were spotted with ‘‘eyes”’ of two shades of blue, whose legs 
were plum-coloured, and whose cheeks were painted with the same 
bright shade—seated together ona single bush in very deep jungle. On 
our approach, they all flew off, each in a different direction; and three 
of them escaped. ‘Their first flight was low and feeble, but each time 
that they alighted, they seemed to gain fresh strength from the 
