130 THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 
normally micropterous species is by no means an uncommon phenome- 
non in the Locustodea, but it has not been before recorded for the 
Species in question. Apart from the development of the organs of 
flight, X. dorsale may be distinguished from X. fuscwm and X. 
thoracicum by the following points : 
Femora (posterior) armed with two dark minute teeth near 
the apex on the outer margin of the inferior sulcus. 
Ovipositor quite straight ; X. fuscwm. 
Posterior femora with 3- 4 small dark teeth on the outer mar gin 
of the inferior sulcus near the apex. ieee ast 
slightly curved . X. thoracicwme. 
Posterior femora with no teeth whatever on the under ¢ or 
upper surface. Ovipositor incurved.. o6 OO . X. dorsale. 
In this specimen the femora are totally unarmed If the female 
differs at all from typical X. dorsale in the form of the ovipostor, it 
should be a new species. 
X. thoracicum is a rare meridional species, but X. fuscwm is common 
throughout south central HKurope.—Maucoum Burr, F.Z.S., F.E.S., 
Dormans Park, East Grinstead. 
Y)OTES ON LIFE-HISTORIES, LARVA, &c. 
Forcing CALLIMORPHA HERA LARV#.—AS so many haye expressed sur- 
prise when I have informed them that I had full-fed larvee of Callimorpha 
hera by March 1st, I venture to give the following rough notes on the 
forcing of this insect, thinking they may be of interest. Dr. Cassal, 
of Doncaster, very kindly sent me a nice lot of larve early in January 
(then still hybernating), and I am happy to be able to say the first of 
them spun up on March 22nd. By February 28rd about half a dozen 
larvee were in the last stadium, and by March 1st there were about 
100 full-fed, or nearly so. ‘The reason why I have been able to get 
these larvee so forward is owing, I feel sure, to their having been kept in 
a cupboard which was generally of the temperature of about 65°F .-70°F., 
the heat being obtained from the kitchen chimney, which passes up 
behind the cupboard. The very young larve were kept in glass jars, 
and were transferred to breeding cages when nearly full-fed—the food- 
plant (groundsel) being planted in the cages. It is the general idea 
that the larve of the Arctiids specially require plenty of fresh air and 
bright sunshine, but Iam rather forced to think otherwise, because my 
larvee have for the greater part of their existence been kept in this 
cupboard in total darkness. The larve have been very easy to rear, 
and out of about 200 certainly not more than three dozen have died— 
the deaths occurring mostly during the earlier moults, and perhaps 
from a little overcrowding when in the glass jars—they appeared, 
however, to like crowding together in the corners of breeding-cages. 
By April 7th, the whole had spun up. Ata meeting of the North 
London Natural History Society, held on March 15th, Mr. Lane 
exhibited a few of the full-fed larve. Fora short time, when it was 
difficult to get groundsel, owing to a heavy fall of snow, the larve were 
fed on Campanula trachelium (Canterbury Bell), to which they took very 
well.—Cuas. B. Anrram, Addiscombe, Croydon. April 10th, 1900. 
ERRATIC EMERGENCE OF Apnaxas GROSSULARIATA.— 1 have had 
recently an experience in breeding Abraxas yrossulariata which is quite 
novel to me. On October 80th last, I found a number of larvee feeding 
