ORTHOPTERA. 209 
the large congregations of butterflies that then collect will, given fine 
calm weather, stay long (in swarms) in one place, and the evidence is 
altogether insufficient to show that these go south-west rather than in 
all (or any) directions apart from weather conditions.  Ellzey 
(supra) states that the swarm he observed at West River, Mary- 
Jand, on September 23rd, 1886, was ‘‘ flying due south-west in the . 
face of a stiff breeze,” and Neal (supra) that the movements 
observed in October, 1892, in Texas were to the south, whilst one of 
Riley’s swarms, in April, at Manhattan, Kansas, came rapidly ‘with 
a strong wind from the north-west.’ Moffat (Can. Ent., xi, p. 
37) notes the constituent elements of the swarms as dispersing by 
day, and coming up to the roosting-place from different directions 
towards night, which suggests that im favourable weather they remain 
in a fixed locality. 
* Surely at this time of the year the flight should haye been going to the 
north-west, not coming ‘from ” the north-west. 
@G)>RTHOPTERA. 
The distribution of Ortheptera found in Great Britain. 
By MALCOLM BURR, F.Z.S., F.E.S. 
The few following notes on the European distribution of the 
Orthoptera of our fauna may be of interest to the student of this order. 
When the relations of our few species to each other, and when their 
foreign distribution are considered, the list of our species has much 
sreater significance and interest. 
Forficula auricularia, L.—The common earwig is as abundant 
throughout Europe as it isin England. The var. forcipata, Stephs., 
does not appear to be at all rare. ‘The species occurs also in Asia 
Minor, and.in northern Africa, and in Madeira. It has been imported 
into North America, and does not appear to be a great rarity in the 
eastern States. Several other species uniting awicularia with the 
following are found in southern Europe. 
Forficula lesne’, Fin.—Finot first described this species in 1888, 
when it was considered a great rarity. It was supposed for some 
time to be confined to northern and central France, but recent collecting 
has shown that it is common in the northern part of that country, 
and is local but widely distributed in England, especially in the 
southern counties. De ‘Sélys does not include it in the list of Belgian 
species, and M. Lameere has informed me that it is unknown to him. 
It has been found also at Madrid and in Galicia. 
Apterygida albipennis, Meg., is a characteristic central Huropean 
form. J have taken it in numbers in the forest of lontainebleau, and 
it is common in Switzerland, Austria, and central Kurope generally. 
Its most northern points of distribution are Norfolk and Ashford, and 
its most southern is Granada. It is found also in the Riviera, and in 
Greece at Athens and Corfu. 
Apteryygida arachidis, Yers., 18 a cosmopolitan species, and even its 
original home is unknown. With us it only exists under artificial 
conditions. 
Labidura riparia, Pall.—This is another cosmopolitan form, but is 
worthy of consideration as it is very likely indigenous in this country. 
