Natural Orders.) VI.—MONOCOTYLEDONS. 189 
c 
erect terrestrial, occasionally aquatic fixed or rarely (Pistia) 
free floating, with flowers monecious in the same spadix or 
less often hermaphrodite, very rarely dicecious ; perianth 0, or 
of imbricating scales; leaves various, rarely parallel-veined and 
then not spinulose, rarely spinulose and then venation reticu- 
late; spadix simple with a usually much modified and generally 
enveloping subtending spathe ; albumen present or 0 
CXLV. Aroidee. 
ttInflorescence of heads or spikelets composed of solitary flowers in 
the axils of glumaceous bracts; perianth-segments small, scale-like 
or 0; seeds albuminous :—[p. 188} 
Flowers always 1-sexual in depressed or subglobose usually an- 
drogynous heads; ovary 3-2-locular, loculi l-ovuled, ovules 
pendulous; perianth-segments 6 or fewer, searious or hyaline; 
CXLIX. Eriocaulez. 
glumes; ovary 1-locular, ovules solitary erect or ascending ; 
perianth-segments greatly modified or absent; grassy herbs :— 
Stems solid; leaves 3-ranked, rarely 0; sheaths rarely ligulate, 
closed in front; perianth 0 or of hypogynous bristles or scales; 
fruit a compressed or 3-gonous nut with the seed within free ; 
embryo inside the albumen ; weeeee--CL. Cyperacen. 
Stems usually hollow except at the nodes; leaves 2-ranked 
very rarely subspiral; sheaths almost always ligulate behind 
and split in front; perianth represented by a 2-nerved palea 
and 2 lodicules, or 0; fruit a caryopsis with the seed-coats 
adherent to the pericarp, very rarely free within; embryo at 
the base of the albumen; grasses ...----»-- CLI. Graminez. 
