— Saussurea.) COMPOSIT 2. 623 
base, and with a long, spinescent tip, the inner entire, subspines- 
cent ; receptacle flat, densely bristly. Calyx-limb annular. Petals 
mnate in slender, tubular, regular corollas, with deeply 5-fid, 
enlarged limb; segments narrow. Stamens syngenesious ; fila- 
ments glabrous, connate in a sheath below; anthers with sagittate 
base ; auricles contiguous, connate, mucronate or shortly tailed. 
Style subentire, annulate, hirsute beyond the faint annulus. 
Cypsela glabrous, obovate-oblong, with straight basal areola ; 
Pappus of many-seriate, subpaleaceous, unequal hairs, annulus 
deciduous with the sete. 
1111. Srnysum Marranum Gaertn.; F. B. I. iii. 864. 
In gardens only, in the cold season, in our area. 
A large, glabrous thistle, with white-veined leaves. 
493, Saussurea DC. 
Annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, glabrous or tomentose ; 
leaves unarmed, alternate, entire, toothed, pinnatifid or pinnati- 
sect. Flower-heads narrow or broad, sometimes crowded on the 
dilated head of a simple stem, peduncled or sessile, solitary, 
Corymbose, or panicled, homogamous; florets purple or bluish, 
all hermaphrodite, fertile; involucre ovoid, oblong, globose or 
§enesious ; filaments free, glabrous ; anthers with sagittate base ; 
auricles connate; tails usually long, entire, ciliate or woolly. 
Style with linear arms. Cypsela glabrous, oblong, 4-ribbed, 
: th or rugose; top truncate and cupular, or crowned by a 
thickened disk and the persistent style-base ; basal areola straight; 
Pappus-hairs 1-2-seriate, inner penicillate, base thickened and 
connate in a deciduous ring; outer of rigid scabrid bristles, rarely 
Penicillate, occasionally 0. 
Stem below and inflorescence glabrous ; bracts of the involucre glabrate, 
Suter obtuse, inner lanceolate-acuminate ; achenes smooth, 10-ribbed : 
affinis. 
Stem below and inflorescence cottony ; bracts of the involucre cottony or 
pubescent, all lanceolate-acuminate; achenes muricate, 5-angled — 
28 he at candicans, 
