180 THE INSECT WORLD. 
narrower than those of the latter, and are magnificently orna- 
mented with blue crescent-shaped spots and an orange-coloured 
eye bordered below with blue. This beautiful species is not rare 
at Montmorency, at Ile-Adam, and at St. Germain. It is said to 
have been taken in England, and is called the scarce Swallow- 
tail, but its capture is considered as very questionable. It 
appears for the first time at the end of April, and for the second 

Marana 
Fig. 148.—Parnassius Apollo 
in July and August. The Parnassius Apollo (Fig. 143), is a 
beautiful butterfly which appears in June and July, and is found 
commonly enough in the Alps, the Pyrenees, and the Cevennes. 
Its wings are of a yellowish white. The upper part of the fore 
wings presents five nearly round black spots; the base and the 
costa, or front edge, of these wings are sprinkled with black 
atoms. The upper part of the hind wings presents two eyes of 
a vermilion red, the inner border furnished with whitish hairs 
amply dotted with black, and marked towards the extremity with 
two black spots. The under part of the fore wings is very 
similar to the upper. But the under part of the hind wings 
presents four red spots bordered by black, forming a trans- 
verse band near the base. ‘The body is black, furnished with 
russety hairs, and the antennze white, with the club black. 
The larva of the Apollo lives on saxifrages. To effect its 
transformation it surrounds itself with a slight network of silk 
in which are confined one or more leaves. This caterpillar 
is thick, smooth, cylindrical, and covered with small slightly 
hairy warts, and ornamented on the first ring with a fleshy tentacle 
