454. THE INSECT WORLD. 
market-gardeners, who employ the tannin of the oak bark, have 
rendered this Coleopteron very common in the environs of that 
capital. Fig. 437 represents an exotic species, the Xylotrupes 
dichotomus. 
Among the true Scarabe@i, we meet with many species of 
gigantic size, especially in America. The Dynastes Hercules, a 
great insect of a fine ebony black, with its elytra of an olive grey, 

Fig. 437.—Xylotrupes dichotomus. 
is not rare in the Antilles. Its thorax is prolonged into a horn as 
long as its body, and bent round at the extremity; its head has 
also a long horn standing erect. The females want these append- 
ages. Fig. 438 represents the Golofa claviger of Guyana. 

Fig. 438.—Golofa claviger. 
The Geotrupes are insects almost as common as the chafers. As 
their name reminds us, they make holes in the ground, which they 
scoop out, particularly in meadows, under cow-dung which has 
grown dry on the surface. It is under the excrements of ruminat- 
