56 BULLETIN 1077, U. S, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



cement and the aggregates, the price and efficiency of labor, and 

 the nearness of the work to the unloading stations. These factors 

 are entirely dependent upon the location of the work and are seldom 

 exactly the same even for two projects in the same locality. 



The most satisfactory method of arriving at the probable cost of 

 a proposed pavement is first to ascertain by survey the amount of 

 the various kinds of work to be done and the quantities of the ma- 

 terials required. An itemized estimate based on these quantities 

 and the unit costs which prevail in the community for such work and 

 materials may then be made. An intelligent estimate of cost requires 

 considerable experience and knowledge of construction work. An 

 estimate prepared without this knowledge represents nothing more 

 than a blind guess. No attempt will be made to outline the pro- 

 cedure followed in making estimates of cost, because the subject 

 can not be handled briefly. Following is the list of items included 

 in a cost estimate form for one-course concrete pavement construc- 

 tion suggested by the Wisconsin Highway Commission. A number 

 of these items frequently are overlooked in preparing estimates. 



Item. • Operation. 



Cost of sidLi:gs and moving equip- (a) Hauling and loading mixer, clamshell, pipe, pump, IooIf, 

 ment to job. camp equipment, industrial equipment, teams, trucks, etc. 



(6) Freight on above. 



(c) Unloading and hauling to job. 



(d) Moving overhead (other than rail shipment). 



(«) Cost of erection of camp, including water supply, storage bins, 

 derrick, etc. 



(/) Return of above equipment to storage. (Note. — Item (/) is ap- 

 plicable only to job requiring whole season for completion or on last 

 job of season.) 



Lost lime in moving equipment Number days , at per day. (Lost time to include timo 



lost in transit to job, between jobs, or between different set-ups on 

 same job.) 



Cement Number barrels in pavement. 



Cost per barrel f. o. b. destination. 



Cost of barrels, at per barrel. 



Cost of unloading, hauling, and covering. 



Cost of storing and rehandUng barrels. 



Insurance on stored cement and empty sacks. 



Sack loss. 



Freight return on empty sacks. 



Demurrage. 



Total cost of cement. 



Clamshell and derrick supplies Fuel, oil, etc., only. (Do not include repairs.) 



Fine aggregate Number of cubic yards including waste. 



Cost per ton at pit or quarry. 



Cost per cubic 5'ard at pit or quarry. 



Freight per ton. 



Freight per cubic yard. 



Hauling cost per cubic yard. 



Estimated demurrage $ , divided by total yardage gives cost 



per cubic yard. 

 Cost rehandliiig from stock pile , divided by total yardage gives 



cost per cubic yard. 

 Total cost per cubic yard on job. 



