BY-PRODUCTS FROM CRUSHING PEANUTS. 5 



farmer saves on his transportation of fertilizer. Although, from a 

 broad economic standpoint, it is not good practice to use either cotton- 

 seed meal or peanut meal directly as a fertilizer, this.practice probably 

 will be continued on account of local conditions. 



The unusual value of peanut meal as a feed for animals, which is 

 not generally recognized, has been reported by C. O. Johns and D. 

 Breese Jones,'* who have brought out the important fact that the pro- 

 teins in this product are high in lysine. 



Osborne and ^Mendel and other workers have shown that lysine is essential to the 

 growth of animals. Nutrition experiments indicate that the animal organism can not 

 synthesize lysine, which must, therefore, be pro\T.ded in suitable quantity in the food 

 to insure normal growth. Since the muscle substance of animals contains about 7 

 per cent of lysine, foods deficient in this essential amino-acid should be supple- 

 mented by the addition of other foods which contain a high percentage of lysine. 

 Wheat and corn, both of which contain but little lysine, should therefore prove more 

 efficient diets if supplemented by some food of high lysine content. Peanut meal 

 appears to be well adapted to this purpose. From a nutritive standpoint, it is one of 

 our cheapest foods and seems to possess no objectionable properties. Animals fed on 

 it thrive and increase rapidly in weight. It therefore seems probable that corn and 

 wheat could be much better utilized and a considerable saving in the cost of feeding 

 effected by supplementing these cereals with peanut meal. 



Many samples of products obtained during the crushing of peanuts 

 for oil were analyzed. Most of the peanuts used for this purpose 

 were of the Spanish variety; a few mixtures of the Virginia Kunner 

 and Spanish were analyzed. The results of the analyses are reported 

 m Tables 1 to 11. 



Table 1. — Pure peanut meals and cake from crusMng shelled hand-picked peanut meats. 



Sample No. 



Moisture. 



Ash. 



Ether 

 extract. 



Protem. 



Fiber. 



Nitrogen- 

 free 

 extract. 



31243 



Per cent. 

 7.5 

 7.5 

 6.5 

 7.2 



Per cent. 

 4.0 



4.4 

 4.4 

 4.3 



Per cent. 

 8.6 

 8.4 

 8.0 

 8.4 



Per cent. 

 50.6 

 52.1 

 52.3 

 51.7 



Per cent. 

 4.7 

 5.0 



4.5 

 4.7 



Per cent. 

 24.6 

 22.6 

 24.3 

 23.8 



31244 



29297 



Average.. 



Table 2. — Products from crushing ivhole peanuts by the expeller process. 



Sample No. 



Moisture. 



Ash. 



Ether 

 extract. 



Protein. 



Fiber. 



Nitrogen- 

 free 

 extract. 



29252 



Per cent. 

 6.1 

 5.8 

 6.4 

 7.2 

 5.1 

 6.6 

 6.2 



Per cent. 

 3.9 

 4.3 

 3.6 

 4.1 

 4.3 

 3.9 

 4.0 



Per cent. 

 6.5 

 6.6 

 7.2 

 6.4 

 10.1 

 7.2 

 7.3 



Per cent. 

 34.4 

 36.8 

 34.7 

 37.7 

 37.6 

 38.6 

 36.6 



Per cent. 

 27.1 

 25.8 

 26.4 

 22.2 

 22.3 

 21.9 

 24.3 



Per cent. 

 22.0 



20.7 

 21.7 

 22.4 

 20.6 

 21.8 

 21.5 



29253 



29295 



31281 



31282 



31294 



Average. . 



* The proteins of the peanut, Arachis hypogsea: II. Distribution of the basic nitrogen in the globulins 

 arachin and conarachin. J. Biol. Chem. (1917), 30: 33-38. 



