MARKETING HAY AT COUNTRY POINTS. 



25 



the shipper is forced to store the hay and often must sell it at a loss 

 because of a decline in the market before he can make a sale or obtain 

 cars for reshipment. In other words, under certain conditions he is 

 forced to become a speculator in hay and generally he will pay a price 

 which will protect him against all possible risks. 



METHODS OF LOADING CAES. 



Many cars are improperly loaded, the bales not being so placed as 

 to utilize all of the space. A visit to any terminal market that re- 

 ceives hay loaded by producers will reveal a surprisingly large num- 

 ber of cars improperly loaded. 



When loading bales 14 by 18, 16 by 18, or 17 by 22 inches the hay 

 should be loaded in tiers across the end of the car. Either four or 

 five tiers can be loaded in each end of the car, depending upon its 

 length. Usually four tiers are loaded into each end of a 34 or 36 foot 

 car. Five tiers can be loaded into each end of a 40-foot car. Bales 

 should be loaded flat, i. e., with the wires down, or on edge, or part 

 flat and part on edge in the tiers. They are placed flat or on edge as 

 is necessary just to fill the space. Usually five or six bales can be 

 placed in each row of the tier. In an ordinary 36-foot box car, which 

 is about 8 feet high and 8 feet wide, 36 of the 14 by 16 bales can be 

 loaded or about 30 of the 16 by 18, or 25 of the 17 by 22 bales. The 

 doorway of the car will hold about as many bales as the two tiers, 

 asually 6 to 10 bales more. The average 36-foot car will therefore 

 hold from about 250 of the larger bales to 350 of the smaller bales. 



The large five-wire bales should be loaded differently from the 

 sizes just mentioned. Usually two of the large bales laid end to end 



