ETHYL ALCOHOL FROM WOOD WASTE. 



57 



CONIFEROUS WOODS. 



The results of the experiments on the various coniferous species 

 are given in the following table : 



Cook 

 No. 



71.. 

 SO 1 . 

 83 2. 

 723. 

 86.. 

 99.. 

 103. 

 74.. 

 46.. 



Species of wood. 



White pine, Idaho 



Red spruce ' 



Douglas fir, Montana 



White pine 



Long lea f pine 



do 



Lodgepole pine 



Norway pineextralargeor small 



ships 



Red spruce 



Western larch 



do : 



do 



Western hemlock 



Sugar pine 



do 



Douglas fir, Washington 



White spruce 



Total re- 

 ducing 

 sugars 

 (per cent 

 of origi- 

 nal dry 

 wood). 



21.00 

 20. 48 

 21.10 

 20.02 

 23.06 

 23.25 

 21.93 



25.62 

 22.06 

 29.72 

 30. 52 

 26. 21 

 21.15 

 18.03 

 20.23 

 21.13 

 23.61 



Per cent of total 

 reducing sugars. 



Fermen- 

 table. 



74.49 

 74.16 

 i 67. 42 

 75.67 

 73.32 

 72.49 

 67.37 



66.88 

 72.67 

 37.89 

 57.88 

 54.69 

 77.63 

 72.55 

 66.49 

 75.16 

 71.44 



TJnfer- 

 mentable. 



25.51 

 25.84 

 132.58 

 24.33 

 26.68 

 27.51 

 32.63 



33.12 

 27.33 

 62.11 

 42.12 

 45.31 

 22.37 

 27.45 

 33.51 

 24.84 

 28.56 



Alcohol yields. 



Per cent 

 of origi- 

 nal dry 

 wood. 



7.762 

 7.565 

 6.822 

 7.437 

 8.282 

 8.330 

 7.205 



7.745 

 7.956 

 4.977 

 8.687 

 6.934 

 7.622 

 6.276 

 7.115 

 7.934 

 8.537 



Gallons 

 of abso- 

 lute per 

 dry ton. 



23.48 

 22.88 

 20.64 

 22.48 

 25.05 

 25.20 

 21.79 



23.42 

 24.06 

 15.05 

 26.26 

 20.97 

 23.05 

 18.96 

 21.51 

 23.99 

 25.82 



Gallons 



of 190- 

 proof per 



diy ton, 

 allowing 

 5 percent 



distilla- 

 tion loss. 



23.43 

 22.84 

 20.59 

 22.46 

 24.90 

 25. 16 

 21.75 



23.38 

 24.01 

 15.03 

 26.21 

 20.93 

 23.01 

 18.93 

 21.47 

 23.95 

 25 78 



1 1.8 per cent of acid; 10 minutes cook. 

 2 2.5 per cent of acid; 20 minutes cook. 



1 2.5 per cent of acid; 40 minutes cook. 



The experiments on western larch will be considered separately. 

 No great differences were found among the various other species. 

 Those highest in cellulose, like white spruce and white pine, gave the 

 best yields. The West Coast Douglas fir gave higher yields than the 

 Montana mountain-grown fir. Cook No. 70 was on Norway pine 

 chips left from the Yaryan extraction process, in which the turpen- 

 tine had been steamed out and the rosin had been dissolved out with 

 gasoline. The yield was probably 3 to 5 per cent higher than it 

 would have been on the original wood basis, because of the difference 

 in cellulose content calculated on a basis of freedom from volatile oil 

 and rosin, as compared with the original wood. At the same time, 

 the results of cooks Nos. 67 and 68 on true longleaf pine showed that 

 the turpentine, pine oil, and rosin do not interfere in the production 

 of the sugars from the wood or in the fermentation of the sugar 

 liquors produced. However, sugar liquors produced from woods 

 having appreciable quantities of volatile oils do contain some of the 

 oils mentioned, and, unless particular care is exercised in the distilla- 

 tion and refining of the beers and alcohol made from such liquors, 

 the alcohol finally obtained will contain some of those oils. On the 

 other hand, it is not impossible to remove the oils, as evidenced by 

 the fact that the finest Cologne spirits being produced in this country 

 to-day is manufactured from longleaf pine. 



