PINE-OIL AND PINE-DISTILLATE PEODTJCT EMULSIONS. 15 



samples examined gave Hygienic Laboratory coefficients of from 

 1.71 to 3.42. 



Emulsions made from the other oils tested gave coefficients under 

 1. These preparations failed to emulsify completely in 10 per cent 

 concentration. 



Pine-oil emulsions made from various grades of pine oils failed 

 to kill M. aureus and B. anthracis in any dilution capable of emulsi- 

 fication. 



In view of the results obtained these products should not be used 

 for general disinfecting purposes. 



When using pine-oil emulsions against B. typhosus, it is safer, for 

 practical purposes, to employ a solution of five times the strength 

 capable of killing the organism in five minutes. Thus a product 

 showing by the Hygienic Laboratory method a killing power of 

 T £-o should be used in a -^, or 1 per cent, dilution. If a product 

 will not give a dilution having a concentration five times that of the 

 weakest concentration capable of killing B. typhosus in 15 minutes, 

 and remain completely emulsified, it should not be used as a disin- 

 fectant. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



(1) Anonymous. 



Extraction of turpentine from waste pine by steam. In Eng. News 

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(2) 



Wood distillation in 1910. In Oil, Paint, Drug Rep. (Dec. 25, 1911), 

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(3) Benson, H. K. 



By-products of the lumber industry. In U. S. Dept. Commerce, Bur. 

 For. Dom. Commerce, Special Agents Series 110 X1916) : 9-20. 



(4) Brown, Nelson C. 



Forest products, their manufacture and use, pp. 225-234. John Wiley 

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(5) Clark, Franklin S. 



The distillation of pine wood in the South. In Columbia Col. School 

 Mines Quart. (1887-8), 9: 162-177. 



(6) Fosch, Maximilien (probably Maximilian Toch). 



La chimie de l'huile de pin. In Mat. grasses (1915), 8: 4355. 

 <7) French, E. H., and Withrow, J. R. 



The present status of the wood turpentine industry. In Met. Chem. Eng. 

 (1914), 12: 95-99; J. Ind. Eng. Chem. (1914), 6: 148. 



(8) Geer, W. C. 



Wood distillation. In U. S. Dept. Agr., Forest Ser. Circ. 114 (1907) : 48. 



(9) Hawley, L. F. 



Wood turpentines: Their analysis, refining, and composition, based 

 upon experiments at the Forest Products Laboratory at Madison. Wis. 

 In U. S. Dept. Agr., Forest Ser. Bull. 105 (1913) : 58-60. 



<10) 



Wood turpentines. Orig. Com. Intern. Cong. Appl. Chem. (1912), 

 12:41-100. 



<11) and Palmer, R. C. 



Distillation of resinous woods by saturated steam. In U. S. Dept. Agr., 

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The utilization of wood waste. In Met. Chem. Eng. (1916), 11:133-5; 

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