MANUFACTURING TESTS OF COTTON STANDARDS. 



Each grade was opened during the afternoon, the opened cotton 

 being placed in a bin and allowed to age overnight. It was not 

 considered necessary to allow the cotton to age for a longer period 

 because all the ties except two had been removed upon receipt of the 

 cotton two months previously. 



Preliminary tests were made on the cleaning machines, Low Mid- 

 dling cotton being used until the visible waste was approximately 

 equal to that removed during the previous tests. 2 This was done 

 in order that the merits of the several grades of white and colored 

 cottons might be put as nearly as possible on a comparative basis. 



The same mechanical conditions were maintained for all grades 

 throughout the test. 



The relative humidity in the carding and spinning rooms was 

 maintained as nearly as possible between 60 and 65 per cent during 

 the entire test. 



PERCENTAGES OF WASTE. 



Accurate records were kept of the net amount of cotton fed to 

 each cleaning machine, the amount of each kind of waste discarded, 

 and the weight of the finished product. 



The waste percentages calculated from the above items are shown 

 in Table 2. 



Table 2. — Percentages of waste from the different grades of cotton tested. 



Character of waste. 



White. 



Yellow Tinged. 



Yellow Stained. 



Blue Stained. 



L.M. 



G.M.Y.T. 



M.Y.T. 



L.M.Y.T. 



G.M.Y.S. 



M.Y.S. 



G.M.B.S. 



M.B.S. 



PICKER WASTE .a 



Opener-breaker motes and fly 

 Finisher motes and fly 



Per ct. 

 1.63 



.83 



Per cent. 

 1.00 

 .50 



Perct. 

 1.20 

 .64 



Per cent. 

 1.87 

 1.17 



Per cent. 

 0.81 



.50 



Per ct. 



0.86 



.97 



Per cent. 

 1.36 



.68 



Perct. 

 2.08 

 1.30 





2.46 

 2.93 



1.50 

 .99 



1.84 

 1.17 



3.04 

 1.12 



1.31 

 .25 



1.83 

 1.50 



2.04 

 .25 



3 38 





1.70 







Total visible and invisi- 

 ble 



5.39 



2.49 



3.01 



4.16 



1.56 



3.33 



2.29. 



5.08 







CAKD WASTE. & 



2.57 

 .62 



2.81 

 .11 



2.88 

 .97 



1.65 

 .17 



3.32 

 1.12 



2.02 

 .11 



3.53 

 1.16 



4.34 

 .31 



2.64 

 1.13 



1.68 

 .18 



3.93 



1.56 



3.57 



.17 



2.57 

 .75 



1.82 

 .18 



2.98 



Cylinder and dofler strippings 



.96 

 3.25 





.14 









6.11 



.28 



5.67 

 cl.24 



6.57 

 C79 



9.34 

 .22 



5.63 



.82 



9.23 

 .89 



5.32 

 1.78 



7.33 





.66 







Total visible and invisi- 

 ble 



6.39 



4.43 



5.78 



9.56 



6.45 



10.12 



7.10 



7.99 







THROUGH CARDS.a 



8.23 

 3.20 



7.04 

 c.22 



8.21 



.40 



11.99 



1.33 



6.85 

 1.06 



10.75 

 2.36 



7.24 

 1.99 



10.24 





2.33 







Total visible and invisi- 

 ble 



11.43 



6.82 



S.61 



13.32 



7.91 



13.11 



9.23 



12.57 







a Based upon net weight fed to bale breaker. & Based upon net weight fed to cards. c Gain. 

 2 See U. S. Department of Agriculture Bulletin 591 : Manufacturing Tests of the Official Cotton 

 Standards for Grade, by William S. Dean and Fred Taylor. 1917. 



