46 BULLETIN 1000, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 



Table 35. — Timothy seed: Percentage distribution of costs per acre. 





Iowa. 



Minnesota. 



Item. 



Distri- 

 bution 

 of oper- 

 ating ex- 

 pense. 



Distri- 

 bution 

 of total 

 costs. 



Distri- 

 bution 

 of oper- 

 ating ex- 

 " pense. 



Distri- 

 bution 

 of total 

 costs. 



Man labor 



Per cent. 

 20.6 

 16.3 



Per cent. 

 9.5 

 7. 5 



Per cent. 

 22.0 

 14.0 



Per cent. 

 9.5 





6.0 







Materials: 



Seed 



4. 8 



3.3 



2.2 



4.8 

 4.4 



2.0 



Twine 



1.6 









12.5 



5.5 



9.2 



3.6 







Other costs: 



21.9 

 11.4 

 17.3 



10.2 

 5.3 

 8.0 



16.0 

 21.6 

 17.2 



6.1 





9.4 





7.4 









50.6 



23.5 



54.8 



22.9 











54.0 





58.0 



Value of land per acre 









S180 



§70 



Table 36. — Clover seed: Labor and material requirements -per acre. 





Number 

 of records. 



Yield 



per acre. 



Man labor. 



Horse labor. 



Seed. 



Per cent 

 of oper- 



Region. 



Harvest. 



Total. 



Harvest. 



Total. 



ating 

 expense 

 covered 

 by fore- 

 going, a 





8 

 17 

 19 



2 



Bush. 

 .9 

 1.6 

 1.0 



Hrs. 



5.3 

 8.9 

 6.0 

 8.5 



Hrs. 



5.3 

 8.9 

 6.0 

 8.5 



Hrs. 



7.2 



7.0 



5.3 



11.9 



Hrs. 



7.2 

 7.0 

 5.3 

 11.9 



Lbs. 

 10.7 

 10.3 



56 





40 



Ohio 



53 





6.6 



55 







a Excluding interest on land. 



APPLES. 



The apple acreage for which records are available is as follows: 

 Wenatchee (Wash.), 566, Yakima (Wash.), 766; Hood River (Oreg.), 

 672; Payette (Idaho), 430; western Colorado, 1,351; western New 

 York, 3,052 — total, 6,837 acres. The records were obtained during 

 the years 1914, 1915, and 1916. 



The labor necessary for the production of apples varies consider- 

 ably from year to year. The differences are due chiefly to size of 

 crop and methods of soil management. Orchards may be handled 

 by the clean-cultural method or by the sod or mulch crop method. 

 In this study the more common method of soil management in each 

 locality was considered. The man labor and horse labor require- 

 ments are based upon practice throughout a period of five or six 

 years. The maintenance labor has been separated from harvest 

 labor in order to indicate the relative demand for labor during these 



