48 



BULLETIN 1000, IT. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE- 



two periods. The harvest labor is influenced largely by crop yields. 

 It will be seen (Table 37) that the maintenance labor varied from 77 

 man hours per acre in western New York to 230 man hours per acre 

 in Wenatchee Valley, Washington. Approximately the same range 

 will be noted for the harvest labor. For most of these districts the 

 harvest labor exceeded the maintenance labor quite appreciably. 



Northwestern apple growers do not make a practice of using com- 

 mercial fertilizers on their orchards, but in western New York about 

 50 per cent of the growers apply some commercial fertilizer. The 

 average application of fertilizer was approximately 500 pounds per 

 acre. The amount of f arm manure applied annually to apple orchards 

 as a whole was comparatively low. 



For practically all of these districts the costs which are included 

 under basic requirements constitute approximately 90 per cent of the 

 total cost of producing apples, exclusive of land rent. 



It will be seen that the gallons of solution used for the dormant 

 spray are given in Table 37. Owing to variations in the solutions 

 which were applied in subsequent sprays it did not appear to be 

 feasible to separate the gallons of solution for each application, but 

 the average number of sprays is giveri for each district, together with 

 the average number of gallons of solution used with the later sprays. 

 This method of reporting is not a satisfactory one, but the figures 

 indicate in some measure the practices with respect to the use of 

 spray materials. 1 



Table 37. — Apples: Labor 



2nd materia 



I requir 



ements 



per 



acre 



(642 



reco 



rds). 







•a 



M 

 O 

 O 



P 



o 



8 



a 



C3 

 © 



Man labor. 



Horse labor. 



© 

 3 

 3 





Spraying. 



c s 



y..- 

 o c 



6£ g 



•S O 



?■ >. 



^~ 



o o 



?! 



y= O 



3° 



c5 



u 



a 



o 



ft 



s 



t4 



Region. 



© 

 > 



03 



X, 

 p 



o 



> 



03 



c3 

 O 



Eh 



t 



03 



■S3 



o 



_o 



© 

 > 



o 



EH 



© 



© 



1=1 



03 



u 



p, 



a 



03 • 



PS 



o -3 



o 



Other 



sprays. 



<0 



> 



© 



1 



5 



_3 

 © 



CJO . 



03 © 



© o 

 > 03 



Wenatchee Valley, Wash. 

 Yakima Valley, Wash . . 



Hood River, Oreg 



Payette Valley, Idaho. . . 

 Western Colorado 



Western New York 



87 

 120 

 54 

 38 

 125 



218 



1914 

 1915 

 1915 

 1915 

 1914-15 



1915 



230 

 214 

 142 

 177 

 161 



77 



364 

 300 

 164 

 235 

 191 



93 



1 



594 



514 



306 



412 



352 



170 



1 



96 

 91 



82 

 72 

 76 



63 



1 



62 



59 

 33 

 41 



47 



27 



1 



158 



150 



115 



113 



123 



90 



2.2 

 4.7 

 1.5 

 4.0 

 3.5 



4.8 



.0 

 177 



CS 



467 



430 



222 



389 



353 



264 



2.4 

 4.0 

 4.8 

 3.1 

 4.0 



2.3 



"a 



1,185 

 1,619 

 1,040 

 1,155 

 2,020 



620 



is 



89 

 89 

 82 

 93 

 89 



91 



H 



O 



«! 

 593 

 432 

 222 

 337 

 284 

 Bbls. 



81, 925 



1,080 



991 



613 



653 



514 



a Per cent that man and horse labor, manure, fertilizer, spray materials and containers are of operating 

 expense, exclusive of land rent . 

 b The average yield represents the yield over a five or six year period, 

 c To reduce to boxes, multiply by 3. 

 i See: 



U. S. Dept. of Agr. Bui. 446. Cost of Producing Apples, Wenatchee Valley, Washington. 



U. S. Dept. of Agr. Bui. 500. Cost of Producing Apples in Western Colorado. 



17. S. Dept. of Agr. Bui. 518. Cost of Producing Apples in Hood River Valley, Oregon. 



U. S. Dept. of Agr. Bui. 614. Cost of producing Apples in Yakima Valley, Washington. 



U. S. Dept. of Agr. Bui. 636. Cost of Producing Apples in Payette Valley, Idaho. 



U. S. Dept. of Agr. Bui. 851. Cost of Producing Apples in Western New York. 



