MARKET MILK BUSINESS OF DETROIT, MICH., IN 1915. 



21 



the larger companies fluctuated less than those of the smaller ones, 

 possibly because their ownership of country stations enabled them 

 to provide an ample supply and better facilities for utilizing any sur- 

 plus. The smaller concerns, because of the comparatively small 

 quantities handled, usually found the manufacture of by-products to 

 be less profitable than the selling of a temporary surplus to whole- 

 sale trade even at greatly reduced prices. 



The small dealers usually made both wholesale and retail deliveries 

 from the same wagon, while the larger dealers generally operated 

 their wholesale routes separately. Because of the irregular and ex- 

 acting service required by the wholesale trade, a large part of the 

 sales to that class of trade is often made by special delivery trucks. 

 Figure 8 gives a graphic presentation of the comparative amounts 

 of wholesale business of- large dealers handled by special delivery. 



Table XVI shows the investment required for delivery equipment 

 in relation to the cost of delivering milk from city plants to the 

 various classes of trade. 



Table XVI. — Relation of costs per quart delivered to investments in delivery 

 equipment, average number of quarts delivered per wagon, and per cent of 

 sales at retail for 28 dealers. 





Investments in deliv- 











ery equipment. 





Average 





Cost per 

 quart. 1 







Number 

 of deliv- 

 ery 



quarts 



delivered 



per 



Per cent 

 of sales 

 at retail. 





Per 





Total. 



gallon 



wagons. 



wagon 







delivered 





daily. 









daily. 









Cents. 













0.5 



$1,005.00 



S3. 24 



1 



1,240 



0.0 



.8 



956.00 



4.35 



3 



293 



77.3 



.9 



1,527.00 



9.25 



1 



660 



50.0 



1.1 



14,899.10 



8.92 



14 



477 



54.5 



1.2 



527.50 



4.06 



2 



260 



73.1 



1.2 



7,280.00 



6.31 



12 



384 



62.5 



1.2 



2,480.00 



6.12 



4 



405 



47.1 



1.2 



8, 779. 00 



6.05 



14 



414 



93.3 



1.2 



870.00 



8.70 



1 



400 



77.2 



1.3 



2,907.00 



12.11 



3 



320 



60.0 



1.3 



1,180.00 



8.74 



1 



540 



77.3 



1.3 



40, 050. 85 



18.90 



14 



605 



58.9 



1.4 



170,090.04 



• 17.52 



99 



392 



81.3 



1.4 



15,055.50 



9.45 



16 



400 



53.3 



1.4 



692.00 



8.14 



1 



340 



62.5 



1.4 



2,096.00 



6.45 



3 



433 



76.9 



1.4 



8, 779. 00 



6.86 



14 



366 



34.5 



1.5 



3,030.00 



10.10 



4 



300 



65.0 



1.5 



1,160.00 



4.64 



5 



200 



50.0 



1.5 



1,595.50 



6.94 



3 



307 



73.8 



1.5 



575.00 



14.38 



1 



160 



85.0 



1.6 



1,570.00 



17.44 



2 



180 



61.5 



1.6 



2,740.00 



8.06 



4 



340 



74.5 



1.6 



7,375.00 



17.35 



4 



425 



65.0 



1.7 



785. 50 



7.85 



2 



200 



64.3 



1.7 



2,623.33 



7.83 



3 



447 



71.4 



1.8 



2,831.50 



5.34 



6 



353 



80.0 



2.5 



29, 225. 35 



23.19 



20 



252 



56.9 



2 1.38 



2 11,881.75 



2 9.58 



= 9 



2 396 



2 63.9 



1 These unit costs do not include items of administration, office expenses, advertising, licenses , insurance, 

 taxes, and other miscellaneous expenses. 



2 Average. 



