16 BULLETIN 648, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Table IV. — Cropper's receipts, expenses, and net income, per cropper on 53 

 farms (12 J t croppers, Brooks County, Ga.). 



Cropper's receipts : 



Cotton $297. 29 



Corn and fodder 68. 74 



Peanuts 19.77 



Other L 2,90 



Total $388.70 



Cropper's expenses : 



Hired labor 13.56 



Family labor 60.10 



Interest on cash 7.20 



Fertilizer 36.90 



Ginning, bagging, and ties 11. 64 



Seed, etc . 86 



Total : 130.26 



Cropper's net income 1 258.44 



Estimated value of cropper's labor 138. 60 



The average cropper's receipts amounted to $388.70, and the av- 

 erage expenses to $130.26, leaving a net income to the cropper. for his 

 labor upon his crops of $258.44, which compares with $138.60 as the 

 amount that he would have received for the same labor had he been 

 working for wages. In addition to this the cropper worked an 

 average of 13.3 days for wages, most of it for the operator. Included 

 in the list of expenses is an item of $60.10, the estimated value of the 

 labor of the cropper's family. This item added to the cropper's net 

 income gives $318.54 as the amount that the cropper and his family 

 would have received for their year's work on their crops had cotton 

 sold for a normal price. The difference between $258.44 and $138.60 

 represents the cropper's recompense for assuming a share of the risk 

 of crop failure and a low market. All of the estimates upon which 

 these calculations are based were secured from the operator and not 

 from the cropper. 



COMPARATIVE YIELDS AND COSTS BY WAGE AND BY CROPPER SYSTEM. 



Table V shows the comparative yields and unit costs of crops 

 grown by the systems just described. It will be seen that for each 

 crop the average yields secured by the wage system are appreciably 

 higher than those by the cropper system, the difference amounting 

 to 16 per cent for cotton and solid corn and 8 per cent for corn 

 planted with peanuts. These higher yields were undoubtedly due 

 to heavier applications of fertilizer, closer supervision by the op- 

 erator, and some differences in soil, since the best fields are often re- 

 served for the wage crops. 



1 Does not include returns from labor other than on his own crop. 



