20 Facts relating to Marlborough. 



Dr. Cowell in his Interpreter, Tit. Healfang or Halsfang [Collis- 

 trigiura] says that it is compounded of two Saxon words Hals i.e. 

 Collum and Fang i.e. Capttira. But Healfang cannot signify a pillory 

 in the charter of Canutus de Foresta, cap. 14, " et pro culpa solvat 

 Regi decern solidos quos Dani vocaut * Halfe hange.' Sometimes 'tis 

 taken for a pecuniary punishment or mulct to commute for standing 

 in the pillory, and is to be paid either to the King or the chief 

 lord, viz. " Qui falsum testimonium dedit reddat Regi vel terrse 

 Domini Halfeng" Leg. Hen. I. cap. 11. 



The pillory is also mentioned in the Statutum de pistoribus which 



is of uncertain date, assigned by some to 51st Henry 3rd (1267) 



and by others to 13th Edward 1st (1285), and is printed by the 



Record Commissioners in the statutes of the Realm Yol 1. p. 203. 



By this statute it is ordained that 



" Pilloria sive Collistrigium et tumbrellum continue habeantur debite fortitu- 

 " dinis ita quod delinquentes exequi judicium pidaum sine corporis periculo." 



" Every Pillory or stretchneck and tumbrel must be made of convenient 

 " strength, so that the execution maj' be done upon offenders without peril of 

 "their bodies." 



Mr. Serjt. Hawkins in his "Pleas of the Crown, bk. 2. chap. 11. 

 p. 113, says that it seems that a court leet may be forfeited if the 

 lord " neglects to provide a pillory and tumbrel, but it is said that 

 a vill may be bound by prescription to provide a pillory and tum- 

 brel and that every vill is bound of common right to provide a 

 pair of stocks." 



The pillorj' was abolished in all cases, except perjury and subor- 

 nation thereof, in the year 1816, by the stat. 59 Geo. 3. chap. 138, 

 and in all cases in the year 1837, by the stat. 7 Will. 4 and 1 Vict, 

 chap. 23. 



I saw the last man in the pillory who was ever in it in England : 

 his name was Hague, he stood in the pillory for an hour in front of 

 Newgate in the year 1821. 



The second woodcut represents the Marlborough pillory as set 

 up for use. The wooden frame shown at p. 19, is here elevated 

 on a strong upright post about 15 feet in height, the lower end 

 being firmly fixed in the ground, and a platform erected round it, 

 at the height of about 12 feet, on which the criminal stands. His 



