4 BULLETIN 935, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Percentage of leading varieties of apples produced. 



Variety.' 



191 



>-16 



1918-19 



1919-20 



Cars. 



Percent. 



Cars. 



Per cent. 



Cars. 



Per cent. 





2,614 



2,430 



1,238 



802 



711 



333 



3,337 



11,465 



22. S 

 21.2 

 10.8 

 7.0 

 6.2 

 2.9 

 29.1 



6,129 



2,564 

 1,041 

 1,022 

 946 

 713 

 6,861 



31.8 

 13.3 

 5.4 

 5.3 

 4.9 

 3.7 

 i 35. 6 



8,319 

 5,989 

 4,325 

 2,994 

 2,328 

 1,663 

 7,652 



25 





18 





13 





9.0 





7.0 





5.0 





23.0 







Total 



100.0 



19, 276 



100.0 



33, 270 



100.0 







1 The percentage of miscellaneous varieties shown Tor the 1918-19 season includes cars of mixed varieties 

 that could not tie segregated. A number of these cars contained some apples of the Winesap, Jona- 

 than, Rome Beauty, Spitzeiiberg, Yellow Newtown, and Delicious varieties. 



Conditions peculiar to the different districts have made necessary 

 specialization in varieties grown. In southern Idaho the bulk of 

 the crop is composed of Winesap, Rome Beauty, and Jonathan apples. 

 In Hood River Valley Yellow Newtowns and Spitzenbergs predomi- 

 nate, with a very small percentage of other varieties. The Yakima 

 Valley grows a large percentage of Winesaps and Jonathans. The 

 Wenatchee Valley also produces many of the Winesap variety, and 

 the Jonathan and Delicious together about equal the Winesaps. The 

 Rome Beauty predominates in the Walla Walla and Spokane Val- 

 leys. Growers in the Bitter Root Valley specialize largely on the 

 Mcintosh. 



The following varieties were not grown in sufficiently large volume 

 to show the relative percentages: Arkansas Black, Ben Davis, 

 Gravenstein, Grimes, King David, Mcintosh, Ortley, Stayman, Wine- 

 sap, Wagener, White Pearmain, Banana. 



PREPARATION FOR MARKET. 



Orchards throughout the Pacific Northwest have been kept in a 

 state of high cultivation and every known means is employed to 

 grow and develop trees that will produce the largest possible crop 

 of highly colored fruit. The trees are pruned to a shape that 

 facilitates spraying and picking. Rigid grading rules, strictly en- 

 forced, have resulted in an excellent pack. 4 Frequent changes have 

 been made in these rules, but the general tendency has been toward 

 improvement. 



As production increases in volume harvesting, packing, and ship- 

 ping problems become increasingly difficult. A very large propor- 

 tion of the labor employed during this period is migratory and 

 temporary. This is especially true of sorters, packers, and those 

 employed in loading the cars. They move from the south to the 

 north as the various fruit crops in the West are harvested. 



1 (trading rules adopted for Washington will be found in Exhibit No. 4, p. 17. 



