28 BULLETIN 941, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Lungs. — There is no more uniformity of condition found in the 

 lungs than in the liver. As a rule the acute cases have congested 

 lungs, the capillaries in some being greatly distended, and there is 

 much blood in the arteries. In some cases the pronounced capillary 

 congestion has led to a transudation of serum, and some diapedesis 

 of erythrocytes. Generally, too, there is a marked catarrhal con- 

 dition of the bronchi, which may contain desquamated epithelial 

 cells and red blood corpuscles. Alveoli in places contain coagulated 

 serum. 



The blood contained in and sometimes filling the arteries is similar 

 in condition to that seen in the veins of the liver, except that 

 normal leucocytes are rarely seen. 



The lungs of the three chronic cases examined were found to be 

 diseased. In the sections of the lung of Sheep 319 there were 

 necrotic areas. The alveoli surrounding such areas contain numerous 

 leucocytes and some exfoliated epithelial cells. Some small blood 

 vessels were engorged. In the lung of Sheep 348 there were areas of 

 serous transudation, which, with the thickened alveolar walls and 

 marked invasion of leucocytes, obliterated many alveoli. This 

 condition probably results from spewed material being drawn down 

 the trachea and accounts for the cough so common in old "spewers." 



Sheep 437, an old spewer killed later with Asclepias galioides, had 

 lung adhesions and necrotic areas. In sections of the least diseased 

 parts of the lung there was an excess of connective tissue. 



Kidneys. — The kidneys are equally variable in their pathological 

 condition. In none of the cases examined was there severe con- 

 gestion. In all those studied there was an edematous condition of 

 the capsule of Bowman, the edema separating the folds of the 

 glomeruli and leaving a large clear area between the glomeruli and 

 the capsule wall. This is sometimes accompanied with a small 

 quantity of stainable material resembling degenerated cytoplasm. 

 In most of the cases examined the cells of some portions of the con- 

 voluted tubules had undergone degenerative changes. Some are 

 swollen, while others are beginning to disintegrate the granular 

 material lying in the lumina. 



Alimentary tract. — The most pronounced change occurred in the 

 alimentary tract of the acute cases, the exact portion varying with 

 the method of administering the material. In four sheep — Nos. 338, 

 314, 331, and 413 — which died from single forced feedings, the most 

 severe changes were in the rumen and reticulum near the opening 

 of the esophagus. In one sheep which was drenched with an extract 

 the severe changes occurred in the walls of the abomasum, colon, 

 and rectum, with less severe changes in the small intestine. 



The changes found in the rumen and reticulum walls are of the 

 same character, consisting of a very pronounced serous infiltration 



