46 BULLETIN 947, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



5. The poisonous principle of Helenium hoopesii is an easily decom- 

 posed glucosid to which the name " dugaldin" has been given. This 

 is a white, amorphous solid, soluble in alcohol, less soluble in water 

 and chloroform. With tannic acid it forms a sparingly soluble com- 

 pound which is only slightly poisonous. 



6. There has been found no medicinal remedy which can be used 

 effectively in treating poisoned animals. 



7. From the practical standpoint of the man handling livestock 

 on a sneezeweed range, it is important that the herders should know 

 the plant and appreciate the serious results from grazing upon it. 

 Then it may be possible by proper handling of herds to prevent 

 most of the losses. 



LITERATURE CITED. 



Barnes, Will C. 1913. Western grazing grounds and forest ranges. 



Beath, O. A. 1919. Proceedings of Annual Meeting of the Society for Promotion 



of Agricultural Research, pp. 39^7. 

 Glover, Geo. H., and Robbins, W. W. 1915. Colorado plants injurious to live 



stock. Bui. 211, Agr. Exp. Sta., Colo. Agr. Coll. 

 Hall, H. M., and Yates, H. S. 1915. Stock-poisoning plants of California. Bui. 



249, Univ. Cal. Publications. 

 Koch, F. J. 1874. Helenium autumnale. Am. Jour. Pharm. Vol. 46, p. 221-227. 

 Lamson, P. L. 1913. The pharmacological action of helenin. J. Pharmacol. Exp. 



Ther. Vol. 4 ; p. 471. 

 . 1915. Note concerning helenin. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Vol. 6, p. 



413. 

 Marsh, C. Dwight. 1916. Prevention of losses of live stock from plant poisoning. 



Farmers' Bui. 720, Bureau of Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. Agriculture. 

 . 1916. The cause of the "Spewing Sickness" of sheep. Circ. A-9, Bureau 



of Animal Industry, U. S. Dept. Agriculture. 

 . 1918. Stock-poisoning plants of the range. Bui. 575, U. S. Dept. Agri- 

 culture. 

 Pammel, L. H. 1910. Manual of poisonous plants. Part I. 



. 1911. Manual of poisonous plants. Part II. 



. 1917. Young sneezeweed poisonous. In Amer. Jour. Vet. Med. V. 12, 



pp. 461-462. 

 Reeb, E. 1910. Helenium autumnale and its active principle. J. d. Pharm. 



von Elsass-Lothringen. Vol. 37, p. 137, 149-153. 



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