DEVELOPMENT OF PULPWOOD RESOURCES. 21 



rates have been increased since 1917. In 1915 the all-water rate 

 quoted on general cargo from coast to coast was $8 per 2,000 pounds. 

 In 1920 the Shipping Board quoted a rate of 90 cents per hundred 

 from the Pacific to the Atlantic via the Panama Canal. This is 

 $18 per ton. It is understood that the rail rate from Seattle to New 

 York is about $24 per ton for newsprint. At the present prices for 

 newsprint, this charge of one and a fraction cents per pound is not 

 prohibitive ; and, in view of the shorter time required than for water 

 transportation, it may be favorably considered. 



It is believed that shipping by rail from Prince Rupert will 

 before long become a factor of importance. It is probable that 

 pulp and paper shipments at very favorable rates via American- 

 owned boats will be made in scow loads to Prince Rupert, and possi- 

 bly by car ferry, to save handling and export packing. Prince 

 Rupert also may in the future offer facilities for transshipment to 

 coast and transocean ports. It has been estimated that shipment by 

 scow from points in southeastern Alaska to Prince Rupert would 

 cost 50 cents to $1 per ton. 



The following statement concerning transportation by the Grand 

 Trunk Pacific Railway was furnished under date of July 7, 1920, 

 by A. E. Rosevear, general freight agent of that railway, in response 

 to an inquiry from the Forest Service : 



The present freight rates of wood pulp, sulphite, or sulphate (wet or dry), in 

 rolls or compressed in bales, carloads, from. Prince Rupert, British Columbia, 

 to Minneapolis, St. Paul, Minnesota Transfer, Duluth, and other similar east- 

 ern United States terminals, is 56J cents per 100 pounds ; to Chicago, 69 

 cents ; and to New York, 92£ cents ; minimum weight, 60,000 pounds per car. 

 (Since the above was written a 35 per cent increase in freight rates has been 

 made effective.) 



On news-print paper, carloads, also on wrapping paper (not printed) the 

 present rates from Prince Rupert, British Columbia, are, to Minneapolis, St. 

 Paul, Minnesota Transfer, Duluth, and other eastern United States terminals, 

 as well as to Chicago and New York, $1.06^ per 100 pounds; minimum 

 weight, 40,000 pounds per car. 



The main line of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway extends from Prince 

 Rupert, British Columbia, to Winnipeg, Manitoba, distance, 1,748 miles. At 

 Winnipeg it connects with the Great Northern Railway, Northern Pacific Rail- 

 way, through the Midland Railway of Manitoba, also with the Canadian 

 Pacific Railway in connection with their Soo line, as well as with the Canadian 

 National Railways. 



The grades from Prince Rupert easterly through the mountains are four- 

 tenths of 1 per cent, with the exception of 20.15 miles of 1 per cent grade, 

 designed for operation as a pusher grade. In effect, therefore, the Grand 

 Trunk Pacific Railway grade against eastbound traffic is virtually four-tenths 

 of 1 per cent as against westbound traffic an actual four-tenths of 1 per cent. 



There is but one summit through the mountains of British Columbia, and this 

 has an altitude of 3,724 feet above sea level. There are 7 short snow sheds 

 and 11 short tunnels west of the Rockies on the way to Prince Rupert. Less 



