PINE TREES OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION. 33 



LONGEVITY. 



Western yellow pine is in general a long-lived tree, attaining an 

 age of from 350 to 500 years. In the central and southern Rocky 

 Mountain region, it appears to be shorter-lived than in the northern 

 part of this region and on the Pacific slope, trees in the central and 

 southern regions probably not attaining an age of over 250 or 300 

 years. 



APACHE PINE; "ARIZONA LONGLEAF PINE." 



Pinus apacheca Lemmon. 



COMMON NAME AND EARLY HISTORY. 



This comparatively rare species is practically unknown to settlers 

 and other laymen, with whom, for the most part, it passes as " yellow 

 pine." The name "Apache pine," derived from the technical specific 

 name, is a book name probably not yet used in the field, but one 

 which may be appropriately adopted. "Arizona longleaf pine" has 

 been applied by United States forest officers in the Arizona range 

 of the tree, but as the species occurs elsewhere in our Southwest 

 this name would seem to be inappropriate. 



Until recently Apache pine (Pinus apacheca 1 ) and the Mayr pine 

 (P. mayriana) were believed to be distinct species. The writer is 

 now convinced, however, that they are one species, which is distinct 

 from other southwestern pines. 2 Dr. J. G. Lemmon discovered Pinus 

 apacheca in 1881 in the Chiricahua Mountains, Arizona, and under 

 this name he published a figure and description of it in 1894. Dr. 

 Mayr next found it in 1887 in the Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona; 

 and in 1889 it was described and named " Pinus latifolia Sargent," 

 which, being found to be a synonym, was replaced in 1897 by " Pinus 

 mayrianay 3 As Dr. Lemmon's name, Pinus apacheca, was published 



iErithea, II, 103, PI. III. 1894. (See also footnote 1 in the present work, on p. 34. 



2 Pinus apacheca appears to be closely related to Pinus engelmanni Carriere, which is 

 a Mexican species not known to occur in the United States. Dr. George Russell Shaw 

 relates the Apache pine to our western yellow pine under the varietal name " P. pon- 

 derosa var. macrophylla" a name which appears to be preoccupied by Lindley's Pinus 

 macrophylla published in 1839, the latter now being considered a synonym of P. monte- 

 zumae Lambert (1803). Later comparative study may possibly show that P. apacheca 

 is a northern form of P. engelmanni Carr. In describing the lattei tree Dr. Engelmann, 

 who first characterized it as a new species, unfortunately under the preoccupied name 

 P. macrophylla, mentions the close resemblance it bears to P. australis (=P. palustris). 

 In the opinion of the present writer the general appearance of the two trees is strikingly 

 similar; and, as is shown further on, the seedling growth (PI. XXIV) of Pinus apacheca 

 and P. palustris is very much alike and equally unlike the early growth of any other 

 southwestern pine. 



3 Nomenclature of the Arborescent Flora of the United States (Bull. 14, Division of 

 Forestry), 21. 1897. 



61354°— Bull. 460—17 3 



