SUGAE PRODUCTION - IN TJ. S. AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 31 



vested throughout the year without interruption, but the principal 

 harvest season is from October to February. The cane in the coast 

 region requires 18 to 20 months to mature and from 8 to 12 crops 

 may be harvested from one planting. The varieties mostly in use 

 were from Java. Peru, Egypt, Louisiana, and Hawaii. The Peruvian 

 variety yielded the largest quantity of cane per acre, but the varieties 

 from Java, Egypt, and Hawaii were richest in sugar. 



The area used for sugar cane was 79,072 acres in 1910-11, 91,746 in 

 1911-12, and 97,743 in 1912-13. The cane crushed amounted to 

 1,918,028 tons in 1911-12 and 2,056,816 in 1912-13, from which 

 212,474 and 202,772 tons of sugar, respectively, were obtained. The 

 jaeld of cane per acre for these two years was 20.91 and 21.04 tons, 

 respectively, and the yield of sugar per acre was 4.14 and 4.09 tons. 

 The percentage of sugar extraction per weight of cane was 11.08 per 

 cent in 1911-12 and 9.86 per cent in 1912-13. The yield of sugar per 

 ton of cane for these two years was 222 pounds and 197 pounds, re- 

 spectively. The people employed in the Peruvian sugar factories 

 were 16,977 in 1910-11, 19,945 in 1911-12, and 20,942 in 1912-13. 



The average production of sugar per employee for these three 

 years, respectively, was 10.15, 10.65, and 9.94 tons. The importance 

 of the coast region as a cane-growing section is shown by the figures 

 for 1912-13. The total production of sugar that year in the 38 

 factories was 202,772 tons, of which 197,737 tons, or 97.5 per cent, 

 were produced in the coast region, as against 5,035 tons, or 2.5 per 

 cent, for the mountain region. The production has gradually in- 

 creased from 151,489 tons in 1903-4 to 202,772 in 1912-13, or an 

 average of 176,603 for the decade. The exports decreased from 

 145,457 tons in 1903-4 to 121,931 in 1906-7 and increased to 194,742 

 in 1913-14, or an average of 143,742 tons for the decade ending with 

 1912-13. For this decade the exports amounted to 81.4 per cent of 

 the production. 



BRITISH GUIANA (DEMARARA). 



CANE SUGAR. 



The sugar-cane area of British Guiana is located chiefly in the 

 lowlands along the coast and is protected by massive dykes. The 

 cane areas are all reclaimed land and drained into the sea by the 

 use of. steam pumps or by sluices. In 1911 the area of drained marsh 

 land amounted to about 160,000 acres, of which nearly one-half was 

 in cane. The cane is transported exclusively by water along the 

 navigable canals that run through the sugar plantations. Only two 

 or three crops of cane are cut from one planting. Until recent years 

 the Bourbon cane was practically the only variety planted, but that 

 has been supplanted by other varieties, and since 1908-9 the area 



