SUGAR PRODUCTION' IN U. S. AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 47 



ing year, the lowest during the period. This was due to both the low 

 price of beets and the small production. The production in 1911 was 

 lower, but the price was higher. The next year of large values was 

 in 1912, amounting to $39,794,000. The average annual value of 

 beets during the period 1903 to 1913 was about $25,000,000. 



During the period 1885-1902 the average annual farm price per 

 ton of beets was $4.10 ; the average price paid by the factory for the 

 same period was $4.66. During the period 1903-1912 the average farm 

 price per ton was $4.40, while the factory price was $4.33. The fac- 

 tory price during this period, as computed, was 7 cents below the farm 

 price. During the latter period the factory price, as stated in the 

 original, was lower than the farm price for the sugar campaigns of 

 1906-7, 1907-8, 1908-9, 1909-10, and 1911-12. 



The number of sugar factories annually in operation has decreased 

 more than one-half since 1882-83. The number that year was 497, and 

 the number in 1912-13 was 213. During the 10 years preceding the 

 Brussels Convention the average number of factories in operation an- 

 nually was 340. During the 10 years following the convention the 

 average number decreased to 255. The annual supply of beets used 

 for sugar during the first period was 7,941,333 tons, and during the 

 second period the quantity used was 6,507,075, a decrease of 1,434,000 

 tons annually. The annual production of refined sugar during the 

 first period amounted to 847,337 tons, compared with 778,760 tons in 

 the second period, or an annual decrease of 68,577 tons. The average 

 annual production of sugar per factory during the first period was 

 2,492 tons, and during the second period 3,054 tons. The number of 

 people employed in the sugar factories were 62,047 in the campaign 

 year 1883-84, 49,971 in 1893-94, 42,632 in 1903-4, and 34,314 in 

 1912-13. The greater portion of the employees were men, ranging 

 from 47,300 in 1883-84 to 31,764 in 1912-13. In 1883-84 there 

 were 7,687 women and 7,060 children employed in the sugar factories. 

 In 1912-13 the number of women employed had been reduced to 1,614 

 and the children to 936. The average number of people employed 

 during the period 1893-94 to 1902-3 was 48,468, with an average pro- 

 duction of sugar per employee of 17.48 tons. During the 10 years 

 1903-4 to 1912-13 the number of employees decreased to 37,782, but 

 the production of sugar per employee increased to 20.61 tons. 

 ' The production of sugar per ton of beets in 1893-94 to 1902-3 

 averaged 235 pounds, which increased to 243 pounds during the 10 

 years 1903-4 to 1912-13. The per cent of sugar extracted per weight 

 of beets increased slightly during the 20 years. The percentage of 

 extraction was 11.8 per cent during the 10 years 1893-94 to 1902-3 

 and 12 per cent during the 10 years 1903-4 to 1912-13. 



